误降级libstdc++6导致系统命令失效的修复求助

我最近在尝试给gcc/g++配置调试符号的时候，不小心把系统里的libstdc++6:i386和libstdc++6:amd64从12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04版本降级到了10-20200411-0ubuntu1，当时执行的命令是这些：

wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gcc-10/libstdc++6_10-20200411-0ubuntu1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libstdc++6_10-20200411-0ubuntu1_i386.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gcc-10/libstdc++6_10-20200411-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libstdc++6_10-20200411-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

执行完之后立刻弹出了一堆错误，终端输出如下：

dpkg: warning: downgrading libstdc++6:i386 from 12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04 to 10-20200411-0ubuntu1
(Reading database ... 662778 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack libstdc++6_10-20200411-0ubuntu1_i386.deb ...
De-configuring libstdc++6:amd64 (12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04), to allow configuration of libstdc++6:i386 (12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Unpacking libstdc++6:i386 (10-20200411-0ubuntu1) over (12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04) ...
dpkg: error processing package libstdc++6:i386 (--install):
package libstdc++6:i386 10-20200411-0ubuntu1 cannot be configured because libstdc++6:amd64 is at a different version (12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04)
dpkg: error processing package libstdc++6:amd64 (--install):
package libstdc++6:amd64 12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04 cannot be configured because libstdc++6:i386 is at a different version (10-20200411-0ubuntu1)
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
libstdc++6:i386
libstdc++6:amd64

现在系统彻底出问题了，好多命令都没法正常运行，尤其是apt工具直接罢工。比如我执行sudo apt-get update时，会出现这些错误：

apt-get: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.29' not found (required by /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libapt-private.so.0.0)
apt-get: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.29' not found (required by /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libapt-pkg.so.6.0)

有没有大佬能帮我想想办法修复这个问题？

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Olumide