PHP开发Telegram机器人：如何以Web App打开URL而非外部链接

要让按钮在Telegram内部以Web App形式打开，不能用普通的url按钮，必须使用Telegram Bot API的Web App按钮类型，同时要完成两个关键步骤：BotFather域名白名单配置，以及代码中按钮结构的修改。

1. 先在BotFather配置Web App域名白名单 #

• 给BotFather发送/mybots，选择你的目标机器人
• 进入Bot Settings -> Web Apps（部分版本路径为Menu Button下的Configure Web App）
• 将你的商店域名（比如https://example.com）添加到允许的域名列表中，只有白名单内的域名才能在Telegram内部加载Web App

2. 修改PHP代码中的按钮配置 #

核心是把sendStore函数里的url字段替换成web_app字段，具体修改如下：

修改后的sendStore函数 #

function sendStore($chatID, $storeURL) {
    global $telegramApi;
    $data = [
        'chat_id' => $chatID,
        'text' => 'Click the button below to open the store:',
        'reply_markup' => json_encode([
            'inline_keyboard' => [
                [
                    [
                        'text' => 'Open store',
                        'web_app' => [
                            'url' => $storeURL
                        ]
                    ]
                ]
            ]
        ])
    ];
    $ch = curl_init($telegramApi . '/sendMessage');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
    curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
}

完整修改后的代码 #

<?php

$botToken = '6877041912:AAE-LsUBqjuurlBSFA6l6jU_RcbdFO_t000';
$telegramApi = 'https://api.telegram.org/bot'.$botToken;

$servername = 'localhost';
$username = 'epfnwgng_farmms';
$password = 'BappJ5CstjY6';
$dbname = 'epfnwgng_farmdbn';

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die('Connection failed: '.$conn->connect_error);
}

$update = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);

if (isset($update['message'])) {
    
$chatID = $update['message']['chat']['id'];
$messageText = $update['message']['text'];
$userID = $update['message']['from']['id'];
$username = $update['message']['from']['username'];

switch ($messageText) {
    case '/start':
        sendMessage($chatID, 'Welcome to the Telegram mini app bot! Choose an option below:');
        sendKeyboard($chatID);
        break;
    case 'Open store':
    $storeURL = 'https://example.com/?username='.$username.'&uid='.$userID;
    sendStore($chatID, $storeURL);
    break;
    case 'Referred members':
        $referredMembersCount = getReferredMembersCount($chatID);
        sendMessage($chatID, 'Number of referred members: '.$referredMembersCount);
        break;
    case 'Refer and point':
        $referLink = 'https://t.me/xxxxxxxx_bot?startuid='.$chatID;
        $message = 'Your referral link is '.$referLink.'. Share it and earn points for each user.';
        $referredPlayersCount = getReferredPlayersCount($chatID);
        $message .= "

Number of players with your UID in the game: ".$referredPlayersCount;
        sendMessage($chatID, $message);
        break;
    default:
        sendMessage($chatID, 'Invalid command. Please choose an option from the keyboard.');
        sendKeyboard($chatID);
}
}

function insertPlayerData($username, $userID) {
    global $conn;
    
    $check_sql = "SELECT * FROM players WHERE username = '$username'";
    $check_result = $conn->query($check_sql);
    
    if ($check_result->num_rows == 0) {
        $sql = "INSERT INTO players (username, UID) VALUES ('$username', '$userID')";
        $conn->query($sql);
    }
}

function getReferredMembersCount($chatID) {
    global $conn;
    $sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) AS referred_count FROM players WHERE referreduid = $chatID";
    $result = $conn->query($sql);
    $row = $result->fetch_assoc();
    return $row['referred_count'];
}

function getReferredPlayersCount($chatID) {
    global $conn;
    $sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) AS referred_players_count FROM players WHERE referreduid = $chatID";
    $result = $conn->query($sql);
    $row = $result->fetch_assoc();
    return $row['referred_players_count'];
}

function sendMessage($chatID, $message) {
    global $telegramApi;
    
    $data = [
        'chat_id' => $chatID,
        'text' => $message
    ];

    $ch = curl_init($telegramApi.'/sendMessage');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
    curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
}

function sendStore($chatID, $storeURL) {
    global $telegramApi;
    $data = [
        'chat_id' => $chatID,
        'text' => 'Click the button below to open the store:',
        'reply_markup' => json_encode([
            'inline_keyboard' => [
                [
                    [
                        'text' => 'Open store',
                        'web_app' => [
                            'url' => $storeURL
                        ]
                    ]
                ]
            ]
        ])
    ];
    $ch = curl_init($telegramApi . '/sendMessage');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
    curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
}


function sendKeyboard($chatID) {
    global $telegramApi;
    $keyboard = [
        ['Open the Store'],
        ['Help', 'Support'],
        ['Referred members', 'Refer and point']
    ];
    $replyMarkup = [
        'keyboard' => $keyboard,
        'resize_keyboard' => true,
        'one_time_keyboard' => false
    ];
    $data = [
        'chat_id' => $chatID,
        'text' => 'Choose an option:',
        'reply_markup' => json_encode($replyMarkup)
    ];

    $ch = curl_init($telegramApi.'/sendMessage');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
    curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
}

?>

3. 额外注意事项 #

你的商店页面需要引入Telegram官方的Web App JS库，才能正常和Telegram客户端交互（比如获取用户信息、适配页面尺寸等），在页面的<head>标签内添加：

<script src="https://telegram.org/js/telegram-web-app.js"></script>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ahmad Karimi