Gemini Python API函数调用function_response报错求助：CURL可行Python不行

错误原因 #

你的Python代码中函数响应的格式不符合Vertex AI SDK要求。REST API（CURL使用的）和Vertex Python SDK在构造function角色消息时存在格式差异：

• REST API中，functionResponse的response字段需要嵌套name和content层；
• 但Vertex SDK中，function_response的response字段应直接放置函数返回的结构化数据，不需要额外嵌套name和content。

你的代码中函数响应部分多了一层{"name": "find_theaters", "content": {...}}，导致SDK解析Struct时找不到location字段（实际字段嵌套在content内部），从而抛出错误。

修正后的代码示例 #

1. 修正消息列表（核心修复） #

messages = [
    {
        "role": "user",
        "parts": [{"text": "Which theaters in Mountain View show Barbie movie?"}],
    },
    {
        "role": "model",
        "parts": [
            {
                "function_call": {
                    "name": "find_theaters",
                    "args": {"location": "Mountain View, CA", "movie": "Barbie"},
                }
            }
        ],
    },
    {
        "role": "function",
        "parts": [
            {
                "function_response": {
                    "name": "find_theaters",
                    # 直接返回函数结果，去掉name和content嵌套
                    "response": {
                        "movie": "Barbie",
                        "theaters": [
                            {
                                "name": "AMC Mountain View 16",
                                "address": "2000 W El Camino Real, Mountain View, CA 94040",
                            },
                            {
                                "name": "Regal Edwards 14",
                                "address": "245 Castro St, Mountain View, CA 94040",
                            },
                        ],
                    },
                }
            }
        ],
    },
]

2. 工具定义（保持原结构，确保参数类型小写） #

tools = [
    {
        "function_declarations": [
            {
                "name": "find_movies",
                "description": "find movie titles currently playing in theaters based on any description, genre, title words, etc.",
                "parameters": {
                    "type": "object",
                    "properties": {
                        "location": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616",
                        },
                        "description": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "Any kind of description including category or genre, title words, attributes, etc.",
                        },
                    },
                    "required": ["description"],
                },
            },
            {
                "name": "find_theaters",
                "description": "find theaters based on location and optionally movie title which is currently playing in theaters",
                "parameters": {
                    "type": "object",
                    "properties": {
                        "location": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616",
                        },
                        "movie": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "Any movie title",
                        },
                    },
                    "required": ["location"],
                },
            },
            {
                "name": "get_showtimes",
                "description": "Find the start times for movies playing in a specific theater",
                "parameters": {
                    "type": "object",
                    "properties": {
                        "location": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616",
                        },
                        "movie": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "Any movie title",
                        },
                        "theater": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "Name of the theater",
                        },
                        "date": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "description": "Date for requested showtime",
                        },
                    },
                    "required": ["location", "movie", "theater", "date"],
                },
            },
        ]
    }
]

3. 调用模型（补充tool_config，可选） #

from google.cloud import aiplatform

aiplatform.init(project="你的项目ID", location="us-central1")
model = aiplatform.GenerativeModel("gemini-pro")

# 可选：配置工具调用模式
tool_config = {"function_calling_config": {"mode": "AUTO"}}

response = model.generate_content(messages, tools=tools, tool_config=tool_config)
print(response.text)

额外说明 #

如果需要更严谨的类型控制，可以使用SDK提供的google.protobuf.Struct和json_format转换字典为protobuf结构，避免格式错误：

from google.protobuf import json_format, struct_pb2

# 将字典转换为Struct
response_struct = json_format.ParseDict(
    {
        "movie": "Barbie",
        "theaters": [
            {"name": "AMC Mountain View 16", "address": "2000 W El Camino Real, Mountain View, CA 94040"},
            {"name": "Regal Edwards 14", "address": "245 Castro St, Mountain View, CA 94040"}
        ]
    },
    struct_pb2.Struct()
)

# 在消息中使用Struct
messages[2]["parts"][0]["function_response"]["response"] = response_struct

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者giulianoBarbosa