Robot Framework中Rest API响应incidentDate字段非空验证方法问询

前置说明 #

Selenium是用于UI自动化测试的工具，测试Rest API更适合用RequestsLibrary，先通过以下命令安装依赖：

pip install robotframework-requests

测试用例实现 #

单条数据验证 #

*** Settings ***
Library    RequestsLibrary
Library    BuiltIn

*** Test Cases ***
Check Incident Date Field Validity
    # 建立API会话，替换为你的API基础地址
    Create Session    api_session    https://your-api-domain.com
    # 发送请求，替换为实际接口路径
    ${api_response}=    Get Request    api_session    /your-target-endpoint
    # 先验证请求返回正常
    Should Be Equal As Integers    ${api_response.status_code}    200
    # 把响应文本转成JSON对象
    ${response_json}=    To Json    ${api_response.text}
    # 从数组中取出第一个事故对象
    ${incident_item}=    Get From List    ${response_json['claimIncident']}    0
    # 验证字段存在
    Dictionary Should Contain Key    ${incident_item}    incidentDate
    # 验证字段值非空
    ${date_value}=    Get From Dictionary    ${incident_item}    incidentDate
    Should Not Be Empty    ${date_value}

多条数据批量验证 #

如果claimIncident是包含多个对象的数组，可通过循环批量验证：

*** Settings ***
Library    RequestsLibrary
Library    BuiltIn

*** Test Cases ***
Check All Incident Date Fields
    Create Session    api_session    https://your-api-domain.com
    ${api_response}=    Get Request    api_session    /your-target-endpoint
    Should Be Equal As Integers    ${api_response.status_code}    200
    ${response_json}=    To Json    ${api_response.text}
    ${incident_list}=    Get From Dictionary    ${response_json}    claimIncident
    # 遍历数组里的每个事故对象
    :FOR    ${incident}    IN    @{incident_list}
    \    Dictionary Should Contain Key    ${incident}    incidentDate
    \    ${date_val}=    Get From Dictionary    ${incident}    incidentDate
    \    Should Not Be Empty    ${date_val}

关键步骤解释 #

• Create Session：创建可复用的API会话，减少重复配置
• To Json：将接口返回的文本格式响应转换为可操作的JSON对象
• Dictionary Should Contain Key：强制校验目标字段在对象中存在
• Should Not Be Empty：确保字段有实际有效值，而非空字符串或null

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Naveen