基于Raydium的Solana限价买入$MAGA机器人交易失败求助

我正在开发一款基于Raydium的Solana机器人，实现限价买入$MAGA代币的功能，但每次运行代码时交易均无法成功执行。从运行日志可见，create_exchange接口返回{'id': '03c2fd251bb64b3a85a3207deae7b010', 'success': False}，后续调用create_transaction接口也返回{'id': '64218b3c90b943d0a1069e43248f406f', 'success': False}，最终触发KeyError:'swapTransaction'报错。我已尝试调试代码、调大滑点和手续费，查阅Solana Python相关文档未找到有效解决方法，怀疑问题出在API链接上。

核心代码 #

# Returns the swap_transaction to be manipulated in sendTransaction()
async def create_transaction(quote: dict, input_token_mint, output_token_mint) -> dict:
    log_transaction.info(f"""Soltrade is creating transaction for the following quote: 
{quote}""")

    if 'error' in quote:
        log_transaction.error(f"Error in quote: {quote['error']}")
        raise Exception(f"Error in quote: {quote['error']}")

    pool_id = get_pool_id(input_token_mint)
    #pool_id = "9XsGAA3xHC6gqRgThRrcaUPU6jzerZacWgfyMb17579t"

    # Parameters used for the Raydium POST request
    parameters = {
        "quoteResponse": quote,
        "userPublicKey": str(configs['public_address']),
        "wrapUnwrapSOL": True,
        "computeUnitPriceMicroLamports": 20 * 3_000_000  # fee of roughly $.4  :shrug:
    }
    #9XsGAA3xHC6gqRgThRrcaUPU6jzerZacWgfyMb17579t
    # Returns the JSON parsed response of Jupiter
    async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
        response = await client.post(f"https://api.raydium.io/v2/swap?poolId={pool_id}", json=parameters)
        exchange_data = response.json()

        pprint(f"TRANSACTION CREATE:\n{exchange_data}")
        return exchange_data


async def perform_swap(sent_amount: float, price_limit, sent_token_mint: str, mode : str):
    global position
    log_general.info("Soltrade is taking a limit position.")

    #TODO: fetch the current price and create a limit order
    current_price = get_price(sent_token_mint)

    base_token = await get_token_decimals(sent_token_mint)
    quote = trans = opts = txid = tx_error = None
    is_tx_successful = False

    for i in range(0,3):
        if not is_tx_successful:
            try:
                if (mode == "buy") or (mode == "sell"):
                    quote = await create_exchange(sent_amount, sent_token_mint, mode)
                    trans = await create_transaction(quote, sent_token_mint, SOL_MINT_ADDRESS)
                    print(f"TRANS:\n{trans}")
                    opts = TxOpts(skip_preflight=False, preflight_commitment="confirmed", last_valid_block_height=find_last_valid_block_height())
                    txid = send_transaction(trans["swapTransaction"], opts)

                    for i in range(3):
                        await asyncio.sleep(35)
                        tx_error = find_transaction_error(txid)
                        if not tx_error:
                            is_tx_successful = True
                            break
                else:
                    log_general.info(f"Price hasn't reached {price_limit}. Waiting for the next opportunity.")
                    await asyncio.sleep(60)
                    continue
                    #current_price = get_price(sent_token_mint)

            except Exception as e:
                if RPCException:
                    print(traceback.format_exc())
                    log_general.warning(f"Soltrade failed to complete transaction {i}. Retrying.")
                    continue
                else:
                    raise
            for i in range(0, 3):
                try:
                    await asyncio.sleep(35)
                    tx_error = find_transaction_error(txid)
                    if not tx_error:
                        is_tx_successful = True
                        break
                except TypeError as e:
                    print(traceback.format_exc())
                    log_general.warning("Soltrade failed to verify the existence of the transaction. Retrying.")
                    continue
        else:
            break

错误日志 #

2024-05-27 14:19:22       Soltrade has detected a buy signal.
2024-05-27 14:19:22       Soltrade is taking a limit position.
Response: SOL
2024-05-27 14:19:22       Soltrade is creating exchange for 12.103126943600001 dollars in ('', '')
Pool ID: 8sLbNZoA1cfnvMJLPfp98ZLAnFSYCFApfJKMbiXNLwxj
('EXCHANGE CREATED:\n'
 "{'id': '03c2fd251bb64b3a85a3207deae7b010', 'success': False}")
2024-05-27 14:19:23       Soltrade is creating transaction for the following quote: 
{'id': '03c2fd251bb64b3a85a3207deae7b010', 'success': False}
('TRANSACTION CREATE:\n'
 "{'id': '64218b3c90b943d0a1069e43248f406f', 'success': False}")
TRANS:
{'id': '64218b3c90b943d0a1069e43248f406f', 'success': False}
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/dekahalane/soltrade-1/soltrade/transactions.py", line 204, in perform_swap
    txid = send_transaction(trans["swapTransaction"], opts)
KeyError: 'swapTransaction'

2024-05-27 14:19:24       Soltrade failed to complete transaction 0. Retrying.

1. 校验API接口与参数合法性 #

• 确认Raydium v2 Swap接口的正确路径：当前使用的https://api.raydium.io/v2/swap?poolId={pool_id}可能不符合官方规范，需核对官方文档的接口路由（比如是否应为/v2/swap/create-transaction）。
• 在create_exchange函数中打印完整响应内容，包括HTTP状态码和返回的错误字段，仅靠success:False无法定位具体失败原因。

2. 拦截无效的quote参数 #

当前代码未对create_exchange返回的失败结果做判断，直接将无效的quote传入create_transaction，必然导致后续调用失败。需在perform_swap中增加校验：

quote = await create_exchange(sent_amount, sent_token_mint, mode)
# 新增：判断报价是否创建成功
if not quote.get('success'):
    log_general.error(f"报价创建失败: {quote}")
    continue  # 跳过后续步骤，直接重试

3. 验证池ID（pool_id）正确性 #

日志中的池ID8sLbNZoA1cfnvMJLPfp98ZLAnFSYCFApfJKMbiXNLwxj需确认是否为$MAGA与SOL的Raydium流动性池地址。可通过Solscan或Raydium官网查询该地址对应的交易对，若池ID错误，API会直接返回失败。

4. 增强错误捕获与日志输出 #

• 在create_transaction中打印HTTP响应的状态码和原始文本，便于排查API调用问题：

async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
    response = await client.post(f"https://api.raydium.io/v2/swap?poolId={pool_id}", json=parameters)
    print(f"API响应状态码: {response.status_code}")
    print(f"API响应内容: {response.text}")
    exchange_data = response.json()

• 在访问trans["swapTransaction"]前，先判断交易创建是否成功，避免触发KeyError：

if not trans.get('success'):
    log_general.error(f"交易创建失败: {trans}")
    continue
txid = send_transaction(trans["swapTransaction"], opts)

5. 检查手续费参数合理性 #

当前设置的computeUnitPriceMicroLamports=60000000（0.06 SOL）虽偏高，但并非核心问题。可结合Solana网络当前拥堵情况调整，但需优先解决前面的API调用失败问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Angela