Python提取相同格式日期间交易数据的技术问题求助

需求：使用Python从文本中提取有效交易记录，每笔交易以dd/mm/yyyy格式日期开头，截止到下一个同格式日期前，交易可包含1条或多条描述信息。

单笔交易示例 #

03/04/2024 Payments / Collections 10.08 795.04      ---> Date description cost balance
HU INSURANCE UK                                     ---> Description
G0003406201 56171304 2024-04-17                     ---> Description                    
G3406201                                            ---> Description

输入文本 #

input_text = """
02/04/2024 Funds Transfer 56.00 1,805.12
TOP-UP TO WALLET! :
84343571729
02/04/2024 Bill Payment 1,000.00 805.12
UHJN-5520380040396554 : I-BANK
03/04/2024 Payments / Collections 10.08 795.04
HU INSURANCE UK
G0003406201 56171304 2024-04-17
G3406201
04/04/2024 FAST Payment / Receipt 12,000.00 12,795.04
INVEST
20240404CIBBSTSTBRT3273519
OTHER
04/04/2024 Bill Payment 333.00 12,462.04
GBU -09890340922 : I-BANK
30/04/2024 Interest Earned 0.18 2,385.42
"""

现有代码 #

import re

# Regex pattern for dates (dd/mm/yyyy)
date_pattern = r"\d{2}/\d{2}/\d{4}"

# Find all date matches
date_matches = re.findall(date_pattern, input_text)

# Initialize an empty list to store desired output
output = []

# Extract text between dates
for i in range(len(date_matches) - 1):
    start_index = input_text.find(date_matches[i]) + len(date_matches[i])
    end_index = input_text.find(date_matches[i + 1])
    text_between_dates = input_text[start_index:end_index].strip()
    output.append([date_matches[i], text_between_dates])

# Print the desired output
for item in output:
    print(item)

当前输出结果 #

['02/04/2024', '']
['02/04/2024', 'Funds Transfer 56.00 1,805.12\nTOP-UP TO WALLET! :\n84343571729\n02/04/2024 Bill Payment 1,000.00 805.12\nUHJN-5520380040396554 : I-BANK']
['03/04/2024', 'Payments / Collections 10.08 795.04\nHU INSURANCE UK\nG0003406201 56171304 2024-04-17\nG3406201']
['04/04/2024', '']
['04/04/2024', 'FAST Payment / Receipt 12,000.00 12,795.04\nINVEST\n20240404CIBBSTSTBRT3273519\nOTHER\n04/04/2024 Bill Payment 333.00 12,462.04\nGBU -09890340922 : I-BANK']

期望输出结果 #

['02/04/2024', 'Funds Transfer 56.00 1,805.12', 'TOP-UP TO WALLET! :', '84343571729']
['02/04/2024', 'Bill Payment 1,000.00 805.12', 'UHJN-5520380040396554 : I-BANK']
['03/04/2024', 'Payments / Collections 10.08 795.04', 'HU INSURANCE UK', 'G0003406201 56171304 2024-04-17', 'G3406201']
['04/04/2024', 'FAST Payment / Receipt 12,000.00 12,795.04', 'INVEST', '20240404CIBBSTSTBRT3273519', 'OTHER']
['04/04/2024', 'Bill Payment 333.00 12,462.04', 'GBU -09890340922 : I-BANK']
['30/04/2024', 'Interest Earned 0.18 2,385.42']

解决方案 #

现有代码的问题在于使用input_text.find(date_matches[i])时，相同日期会匹配到第一个出现的位置，导致分割逻辑混乱。正确的做法是获取所有日期的精确位置，然后按位置分割文本，再处理每段交易内容：

修正后的代码 #

import re

input_text = """
02/04/2024 Funds Transfer 56.00 1,805.12
TOP-UP TO WALLET! :
84343571729
02/04/2024 Bill Payment 1,000.00 805.12
UHJN-5520380040396554 : I-BANK
03/04/2024 Payments / Collections 10.08 795.04
HU INSURANCE UK
G0003406201 56171304 2024-04-17
G3406201
04/04/2024 FAST Payment / Receipt 12,000.00 12,795.04
INVEST
20240404CIBBSTSTBRT3273519
OTHER
04/04/2024 Bill Payment 333.00 12,462.04
GBU -09890340922 : I-BANK
30/04/2024 Interest Earned 0.18 2,385.42
"""

date_pattern = r"\d{2}/\d{2}/\d{4}"
# 获取所有日期的匹配对象，包含起始和结束索引
date_matches = list(re.finditer(date_pattern, input_text))
output = []

# 遍历每一个日期匹配
for i in range(len(date_matches)):
    current_match = date_matches[i]
    current_date = current_match.group()
    # 确定当前交易的结束位置
    if i < len(date_matches) - 1:
        end_pos = date_matches[i+1].start()
    else:
        end_pos = len(input_text)
    # 提取当前交易的所有文本（从日期结束到下一个日期开始）
    transaction_text = input_text[current_match.end():end_pos].strip()
    # 按换行分割，去掉空行，整理成非空的描述列表
    descriptions = [line.strip() for line in transaction_text.split('\n') if line.strip()]
    # 组合成交易条目：日期 + 所有描述
    transaction = [current_date] + descriptions
    output.append(transaction)

# 打印结果
for item in output:
    print(item)

代码说明 #

1. 使用re.finditer替代re.findall，获取每个日期的匹配对象，包含精确的起始和结束索引，避免重复日期的位置错误。
2. 遍历每个日期匹配，根据下一个日期的起始位置确定当前交易的文本范围；最后一笔交易则取到文本末尾。
3. 将交易文本按换行分割，过滤掉空行，得到所有非空的描述内容。
4. 将日期和描述内容组合成列表，加入输出结果。

运行输出 #

['02/04/2024', 'Funds Transfer 56.00 1,805.12', 'TOP-UP TO WALLET! :', '84343571729']
['02/04/2024', 'Bill Payment 1,000.00 805.12', 'UHJN-5520380040396554 : I-BANK']
['03/04/2024', 'Payments / Collections 10.08 795.04', 'HU INSURANCE UK', 'G0003406201 56171304 2024-04-17', 'G3406201']
['04/04/2024', 'FAST Payment / Receipt 12,000.00 12,795.04', 'INVEST', '20240404CIBBSTSTBRT3273519', 'OTHER']
['04/04/2024', 'Bill Payment 333.00 12,462.04', 'GBU -09890340922 : I-BANK']
['30/04/2024', 'Interest Earned 0.18 2,385.42']

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者snow