单元测试从JBoss 6.4迁移至7.1遇javax.naming.CommunicationException

问题概述 #

原在JBoss 6.4环境正常运行的EJB测试类，迁移至JBoss 7.1后执行JNDI lookup操作时，出现连接超时错误：

javax.naming.CommunicationException: Failed to connect to any server. Servers tried: [http-remoting://127.0.0.1:4447 (Operation failed with status WAITING after 5000 MILLISECONDS)] [Root exception is java.net.ConnectException: Operation failed with status WAITING after 5000 MILLISECONDS]

已尝试修改PROVIDER_URL为remote://localhost:4447、http-remoting://localhost:4447，并添加安全凭证，但问题未解决。

原有依赖与代码 #

POM依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jboss</groupId>
        <artifactId>jboss-client</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss</groupId>
        <artifactId>jboss-remote-naming</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.logmanager</groupId>
        <artifactId>jboss-logmanager</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.18.Final</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.xnio</groupId>
        <artifactId>xnio-nio</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.6.Final</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

核心代码

protected static Context namingContext;
protected static EjbCallerContext ejbCtx = null;

protected static final String BASE_URL = "http//localhost:8080";
protected static final String PROVIDER_URL = "http-remoting://127.0.0.1:4447";
protected static final String INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY = "org.jboss.naming.remote.client.InitialContextFactory";

protected static Properties crProperties() {
    Properties jndiProperties = new Properties();
    jndiProperties.put("jboss.naming.client.ejb.context", true);
    jndiProperties.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL,  System.getProperty(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL));
    jndiProperties.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY);
}

public static void crProperties() throws NamingException {
    Properties pp = getPpProperties();
    namingContext = new InitialContext(pp);
    
    ejbCtx = new EjbCallerContext("prova", "prova");
}

// EJB lookup代码
private static final String REMOTE_JNDI_NAME = "ProvaEjb!ejb.ProvaeInterface";
ProvaInterface= (ProvaInterface) namingContext.lookup(REMOTE_JNDI_NAME);

解决方案 #

1. 更新客户端依赖版本 #

JBoss 7.1与6.4的客户端依赖不兼容，需替换为适配7.1的版本：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 导入JBoss EJB客户端BOM统一管理版本 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.as</groupId>
        <artifactId>jboss-as-ejb-client-bom</artifactId>
        <version>7.1.1.Final</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.ejb-client</groupId>
        <artifactId>jboss-ejb-client</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.5.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.remote-naming</groupId>
        <artifactId>jboss-remote-naming</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.7.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.xnio</groupId>
        <artifactId>xnio-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.7.GA</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.xnio</groupId>
        <artifactId>xnio-nio</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.7.GA</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
        <artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.2.GA</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 修正远程连接端口 #

JBoss 7.1默认http-remoting端口为8080（6.4为4447），需调整PROVIDER_URL：

protected static final String PROVIDER_URL = "http-remoting://127.0.0.1:8080";

若使用传统remote协议，默认端口仍为4447，但需确保JBoss配置中开启对应连接器。

3. 完善JNDI初始化属性 #

补充缺失的return语句，并正确配置安全凭证与超时：

protected static Properties crProperties() {
    Properties jndiProperties = new Properties();
    jndiProperties.put("jboss.naming.client.ejb.context", true);
    jndiProperties.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, System.getProperty(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL));
    jndiProperties.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "org.jboss.naming.remote.client.InitialContextFactory");
    // 配置安全凭证（需与JBoss中创建的用户一致）
    jndiProperties.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, "prova");
    jndiProperties.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, "prova");
    // 设置连接超时，避免短时间内超时
    jndiProperties.put("jboss.naming.client.connect.timeout", "10000");
    return jndiProperties;
}

4. 调整EJB JNDI名称格式 #

JBoss 7.1远程EJNDI名称需包含应用/模块信息，格式为：
[应用名称]/[模块名称]/[EJB类名]![全限定接口名]
示例：

private static final String REMOTE_JNDI_NAME = "MyApp/MyModule/ProvaEjb!ejb.ProvaInterface";

若为独立WAR包部署，可简化为ProvaEjb!ejb.ProvaInterface（需确认模块名与部署包一致）。

5. 配置JBoss安全权限 #

• 在JBoss bin目录执行add-user.sh（Windows为add-user.bat），创建Application User，关联ejb-remote角色。
• 确认standalone.xml中开启远程连接器配置：

<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:ejb3:1.2">
    <remote connector-ref="remoting-connector" thread-pool-name="default"/>
</subsystem>
<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:remoting:1.1">
    <connector name="remoting-connector" socket-binding="remoting"/>
</subsystem>

6. 网络连通性排查 #

• 确认JBoss 7.1服务正常启动，端口8080/4447未被占用。
• 使用telnet 127.0.0.1 8080测试端口连通性，确保无防火墙拦截。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user21126632