GitLab Docker Runner无法运行流水线任务的排查求助

我在本地机器上部署了一个GitLab Runner，已经禁用了仓库里所有的共享Runner，并且完全按照Runner的Docker安装教程来配置的。

当我选择shell作为执行器时，流水线运行完全正常，但切换成教程里指定的docker执行器后，GitLab上就会显示：

This job is stuck because the project doesn't have any runners online assigned to it.Go to project CI settings

我的Docker Runner是启用状态，配置和那个能正常工作的Shell Runner几乎一样，只是跟着Docker教程走了一遍步骤。在GitLab的“Active runners”区域里，这个Docker Runner确实显示是启用的。

下面是我执行docker inspect <image hash>的结果：

[
{
"Id": "sha256:145a3d0b000e700e0ee87ad7d0ed26f2c5e2f10a7334f94802b6cd60bdabcd16",
"RepoTags": [
"gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"gitlab/gitlab-runner@sha256:207a72393d0f5da5078e5c61039e495aa5727c5bf9a7d4bea0cde72ce9ae26fe"
],
"Parent": "",
"Comment": "buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
"Created": "2023-02-02T16:27:53.208812304Z",
"Container": "",
"ContainerConfig": {
"Hostname": "",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": null,
"Cmd": null,
"Image": "",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": null
},
"DockerVersion": "",
"Author": "",
"Config": {
"Hostname": "",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"run",
"--user=gitlab-runner",
"--working-directory=/home/gitlab-runner"
],
"ArgsEscaped": true,
"Image": "",
"Volumes": {
"/etc/gitlab-runner": {},
"/home/gitlab-runner": {}
},
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": [
"/usr/bin/dumb-init",
"/entrypoint"
],
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.opencontainers.image.ref.name": "ubuntu",
"org.opencontainers.image.version": "20.04"
},
"StopSignal": "SIGQUIT"
},
"Architecture": "amd64",
"Os": "linux",
"Size": 706603328,
"VirtualSize": 706603328,
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/442844f68437704d9950f9613eda83e9b1b2e7ca159682f9d981a45207f74c24/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/44ed4b6ca8fa1ee991f93e551c8aa57598ddd510f934e96ed5f6417221835592/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/263e1ed7165ebfe9a7b158a8ddc96ce6f3c8d51dbfb1bd1063b8ed02e0f03ec4/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/263e1ed7165ebfe9a7b158a8ddc96ce6f3c8d51dbfb1bd1063b8ed02e0f03ec4/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/263e1ed7165ebfe9a7b158a8ddc96ce6f3c8d51dbfb1bd1063b8ed02e0f03ec4/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"RootFS": {
"Type": "layers",
"Layers": [
"sha256:d543b8cad89e3428ac8852a13cb2dbfaf55b1e10fd95a9753e51faf393d60e81",
"sha256:ec62d73d1c4bd3feb4b9d3630f9728c127076c4f63d2de15534cd6a524d5c3ee",
"sha256:e156984aefdb9217aa8df6efaa022838b0a2706bba77ff12855c2f2c2e8a58a0"
]
},
"Metadata": {
"LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
}
}
]

想请教下，我的配置里漏掉了什么，导致Docker Runner没法正常运行流水线任务？

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Yes