Arch Linux下使用pipx安装kate-plugins失败求助

我在Arch Linux系统中尝试通过pipx安装kate-plugins，但安装过程失败。报错显示pip无法构建pysmell==0.7.3包，核心错误为：
SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)？

完整pip日志信息如下：

Fatal error from pip prevented installation. Full pip output in file:
/home/tahayasseradnan/.local/state/pipx/log/cmd_2024-06-12_23.10.20_pip_errors.log

pip seemed to fail to build package:
pysmell==0.7.3

Some possibly relevant errors from pip install:
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)?

Error installing kate-plugins.

PIP STDOUT
----------
Collecting kate-plugins
  Using cached Kate-plugins-0.2.3.tar.gz (211 kB)
  Installing build dependencies: started
  Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
  Getting requirements to build wheel: started
  Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
  Installing backend dependencies: started
  Installing backend dependencies: finished with status 'done'
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done'
Collecting pysmell==0.7.3 (from kate-plugins)
  Using cached pysmell-0.7.3.zip (48 kB)
  Installing build dependencies: started
  Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
  Getting requirements to build wheel: started
  Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'error'

PIP STDERR
----------
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [22 lines of output]
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/home/tahayasseradnan/.local/share/pipx/shared/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "/home/tahayasseradnan/.local/share/pipx/shared/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/home/tahayasseradnan/.local/share/pipx/shared/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-p0emiyie/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 325, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-p0emiyie/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 295, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-p0emiyie/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 487, in run_setup
          super().run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-p0emiyie/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 311, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 27
          print post_install_message
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(...)?
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip

错误原因 #

pysmell==0.7.3是2009年发布的老旧包，完全采用Python 2语法（print语句不带括号），而当前使用的Python 3.12不兼容该语法，导致构建失败。

方法一：使用Python 2环境安装 #

Arch Linux官方仓库仍提供Python 2，可指定该环境安装kate-plugins：

1. 安装Python 2及对应pip：

   sudo pacman -S python2 python2-pip
   

2. 用pipx指定Python 2环境安装：

   pipx install --python python2 kate-plugins
   

   若pipx对Python 2支持不佳，可直接用Python 2的pip安装到用户目录：

   python2 -m pip install --user kate-plugins
   

方法二：手动修改pysmell代码兼容Python 3 #

手动修复pysmell的语法问题后本地安装：

1. 从PyPI下载pysmell==0.7.3的源码包
2. 解压并进入源码目录：

   unzip pysmell-0.7.3.zip && cd pysmell-0.7.3
   

3. 编辑setup.py文件，找到第27行的print post_install_message，改为Python 3兼容写法：

   print(post_install_message)
   

4. 本地安装修改后的pysmell：

   pipx install .
   

5. 重新安装kate-plugins：

   pipx install kate-plugins
   

方法三：寻找替代方案 #

kate-plugins 0.2.3同样是2010年的老旧包，已停止维护。可考虑：

• 查看KDE官方的Kate插件仓库，寻找功能类似的现代插件
• 搜索代码托管平台，查看是否有kate-plugins或pysmell的维护分支版本

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者tahadnan