Spring Boot迁移至2.7.18+Spring Cloud 2021.0.3后Ribbon配置异常求助

问题 #

将Spring Boot从2.2.6.RELEASE版本迁移至2.7.18版本，搭配Spring Cloud 2021.0.3版本后，启动时出现如下异常：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Error processing condition on org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonAutoConfiguration.loadBalancerClient
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.SpringBootCondition.matches(SpringBootCondition.java:60)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(ConditionEvaluator.java:108)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:193)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:153)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:129)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:343)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:247)
    at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:311)
    at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:112)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:756)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:572)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:147)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:732)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:409)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1300)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1289)
    at com.unilog.prime.tmb.TMBApplication.main(TMBApplication.java:24)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonAutoConfiguration] from ClassLoader [jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader@76ed5528]
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:485)
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:361)
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getUniqueDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:418)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.lambda$getTypeForFactoryMethod$2(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:765)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap.computeIfAbsent(ConcurrentHashMap.java:1708)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.getTypeForFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:764)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.determineTargetType(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:703)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.predictBeanType(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:674)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.isFactoryBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1684)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doGetBeanNamesForType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:570)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:542)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.collectBeanNamesForType(OnBeanCondition.java:246)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getBeanNamesForType(OnBeanCondition.java:239)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getBeanNamesForType(OnBeanCondition.java:229)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getMatchingBeans(OnBeanCondition.java:182)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getMatchOutcome(OnBeanCondition.java:157)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.SpringBootCondition.matches(SpringBootCondition.java:47)
    ... 17 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/cloud/client/loadbalancer/LoadBalancedRetryPolicyFactory
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:3578)
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2676)
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:467)
    ... 33 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancedRetryPolicyFactory
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:641)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:188)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:526)
    ... 37 common frames omitted

已尝试如下依赖配置，但未解决问题：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
                <artifactId>ribbon-eureka</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
</dependency>

需要调整哪些依赖或配置来解决该错误？

解决方案 #

这个问题的核心是Ribbon已被Spring Cloud弃用，在2021.0.x（Jubilee）版本中，官方推荐使用Spring Cloud LoadBalancer替代Ribbon，但项目中仍有Ribbon相关自动配置类尝试加载，导致找不到已移除的LoadBalancedRetryPolicyFactory类。可按以下步骤处理：

1. 彻底排除所有Ribbon相关依赖
   除了在eureka-client中排除ribbon starter，还需排查是否有其他依赖间接引入Ribbon。可通过mvn dependency:tree命令查看依赖树，找到所有Ribbon相关依赖并排除。优化后的eureka-client依赖配置：

   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
       <exclusions>
           <!-- 排除所有Ribbon相关依赖 -->
           <exclusion>
               <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
           </exclusion>
           <exclusion>
               <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
               <artifactId>ribbon</artifactId>
           </exclusion>
           <exclusion>
               <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
               <artifactId>ribbon-core</artifactId>
           </exclusion>
           <exclusion>
               <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
               <artifactId>ribbon-eureka</artifactId>
           </exclusion>
           <exclusion>
               <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
               <artifactId>ribbon-loadbalancer</artifactId>
           </exclusion>
       </exclusions>
   </dependency>
   

2. 禁用Ribbon自动配置
   在启动类上添加注解，彻底阻止Ribbon自动配置类加载：

   @SpringBootApplication(exclude = {RibbonAutoConfiguration.class})
   public class TMBApplication {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           SpringApplication.run(TMBApplication.class, args);
       }
   }
   

3. 确保Spring Cloud LoadBalancer配置正确
   确认spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer依赖已正确引入，且版本与Spring Cloud 2021.0.3匹配。若项目使用RestTemplate或WebClient，需用@LoadBalanced注解标记，以启用负载均衡能力：

   @Bean
   @LoadBalanced
   public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
       return new RestTemplate();
   }
   

4. 清理旧的Ribbon配置
   检查项目配置文件（application.yml/application.properties），删除所有以ribbon.开头的配置项，避免遗留配置引发冲突。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Harshal_Kalavadiya