RobotFramework 7中Chrome浏览器会话启动耗时5分钟问题排查求助

问题背景 #

在RobotFramework 7（Python 3.12.2）环境下，执行Chrome浏览器会话启动并加载URL的操作耗时长达5分钟，正常场景下仅需数秒即可完成。已验证多版本Chrome与Chromedriver的兼容性，该问题在RobotFramework 3中不存在，且不受Chrome版本、虚拟机环境影响。

关键字代码 #

${OPEN URL IN BROWSER TIMEOUT}     60s     #Time out value needed in order for a link to open in browser
${OPEN URL IN BROWSER INTERVAL}     15s     #Time interval needed in order for a link to open in browser
.......
.......
Open URL In Browser
    [Arguments]    ${url}    ${browser}    ${headless flag}=False
    ${chrome_options} =     Evaluate    sys.modules['selenium.webdriver'].ChromeOptions()    sys, selenium.webdriver
    Run Keyword If    '${headless flag}' == 'True'    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    headless
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    disable-gpu
    ${chrome_version}    Run    google-chrome --version | awk '{print$5}'     
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --user-agent\=Chrome/${chrome_version} System/ComputerId
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    start-maximized
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --window-size\=1920,1080
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --incognito
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --test-type
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --no-sandbox
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --ignore-certificate-errors
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --disable-dev-shm-usage
    ${options}=     Call Method     ${chrome_options}    to_capabilities
    Wait Until Keyword Succeeds   ${OPEN URL IN BROWSER TIMEOUT}     ${OPEN URL IN BROWSER INTERVAL}   Open Browser    ${url}    browser=${browser}     options=${chrome_options} 

调试日志 #

2024-06-20 11:25:09.079157 - INFO - +---- START KEYWORD: BuiltIn.Wait Until Keyword Succeeds [ ${OPEN URL IN BROWSER TIMEOUT} | ${OPEN URL IN BROWSER INTERVAL} | Open Browser | ${url} | browser=${browser} | options=${chrome_options} ]
2024-06-20 11:25:09.079892 - INFO - +----- START KEYWORD: SeleniumLibrary.Open Browser [ ${url} | browser=${browser} | options=${chrome_options} ]
2024-06-20 11:25:09.080411 - DEBUG - Test timeout 30 minutes active. 1783.012 seconds left.
2024-06-20 11:25:09.080732 - INFO - Opening browser 'Chrome' to base url 'https://100.78.142.56:30008'.
2024-06-20 11:30:11.059438 - DEBUG - Opened browser with session id 9ca994124566f2cf5094ea9bc3d385d4.
2024-06-20 11:30:11.059871 - INFO - +----- END KEYWORD: SeleniumLibrary.Open Browser (301.979979 s)
2024-06-20 11:30:11.060113 - INFO - +---- END KEYWORD: BuiltIn.Wait Until Keyword Succeeds (301.980956 s)
2024-06-20 11:30:11.060332 - INFO - +--- END KEYWORD: testkeywords.Open URL In Browser (302.035011 s)

注：Open Browser关键字耗时稳定为301秒（5分钟）

已尝试版本 #

• Selenium版本：4.21.0
• Chrome与ChromeDriver组合：
  • ChromeDriver 103.0.5060.134 + Google Chrome 103.0.5060.114
  • ChromeDriver 125.0.6422.141 + Google Chrome 125.0.6422.141
  • ChromeDriver 124.0.6367.8 + Google Chrome 124.0.6367.8

排查与修复步骤 #

1. 精简并修正ChromeOptions配置 #

当前配置存在冗余、废弃参数，可能导致启动阻塞：

• 移除已废弃的--test-type参数（新版Chrome不再支持）
• 避免同时设置start-maximized和--window-size（二者冲突）
• 修正User-Agent参数的反斜杠（多余转义可能导致格式错误）
• 新版无头模式推荐使用headless=new而非旧版headless

优化后的配置示例：

Open URL In Browser
    [Arguments]    ${url}    ${browser}    ${headless flag}=False
    ${chrome_options} =     Evaluate    sys.modules['selenium.webdriver'].ChromeOptions()    sys, selenium.webdriver
    # 使用新版无头模式参数
    Run Keyword If    '${headless flag}' == 'True'    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    headless=new
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --disable-gpu
    ${chrome_version}    Run    google-chrome --version | awk '{print$5}'
    # 移除多余反斜杠
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --user-agent=Chrome/${chrome_version} System/ComputerId
    # 二选一设置窗口
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    start-maximized
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --incognito
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --no-sandbox
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --ignore-certificate-errors
    Call Method    ${chrome_options}   add_argument    --disable-dev-shm-usage
    # 移除无用的to_capabilities调用，直接传递options
    Wait Until Keyword Succeeds   ${OPEN URL IN BROWSER TIMEOUT}     ${OPEN URL IN BROWSER INTERVAL}   Open Browser    ${url}    browser=${browser}     options=${chrome_options}

2. 适配RobotFramework 7的依赖版本 #

RobotFramework 7对SeleniumLibrary有版本要求，建议升级到最新稳定版：

pip install --upgrade robotframework-seleniumlibrary

同时确认Selenium版本（4.10+）支持Python 3.12。

3. 显式设置启动超时 #

在Open Browser中添加timeout参数，覆盖默认的5分钟超时：

Open Browser    ${url}    browser=${browser}     options=${chrome_options}    timeout=30s

4. 排查网络阻塞 #

针对目标内部地址https://100.78.142.56:30008：

• 手动在虚拟机Chrome中访问该地址，确认是否存在网络延迟
• 测试环境可临时添加--disable-web-security和--allow-running-insecure-content参数，排除证书或安全策略阻塞
• 检查系统hosts文件是否存在异常解析配置

5. 移除不必要的Wait Until Keyword Succeeds包裹 #

如果Open Browser本身稳定，可暂时移除Wait Until Keyword Succeeds，直接调用Open Browser，减少额外的超时逻辑干扰。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者stack-fan