使用Zuul网关访问SpringBoot接口时出现404错误求助

我使用SpringBoot、Zuul和Eureka构建微服务，所有服务通过Docker容器部署。当尝试通过Zuul网关访问ContentService的接口时，收到404 NOT FOUND错误。

接口信息 #

ContentService的接口代码：

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/content")
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class CommunityController {


    private CommuntiyService communtiyService;

    @Autowired
    private ACLverifier acLverifier;


    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @PostMapping("/send_message/{message}")
    public void sendMessage(
            @PathVariable("message") String message
    ) {
        System.out.println("sent message: " + message);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("commentExchange", "commentRoutingKey", message);
    }
}

请求与响应 #

发送的Post请求：

http://localhost:8080/cont/content/send_message/hallo

返回的404响应：

{
    "timestamp": "2024-06-26T08:20:29.052+00:00",
    "path": "/cont/content/send_message/hallo",
    "status": 404,
    "error": "Not Found",
    "requestId": "2355b902"
}

各服务配置 #

ContentService #

application.properties：

spring.application.name=ContentService
server.port=8082

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://mongodb:27017/test

# Use the database with:
# docker exec -it mongodb bash
# mongosh
# show dbs
# use <collection>
# db.<entity>.find()

# JWT
security.jwt.secret-key=3cfa76ef14937c1c0ea519f8fc057a80fcd04a7420f8e8bcd0a7567c272e007b
# 1h in millisecond
security.jwt.expiration-time=3600000

# rabbitmq
spring.rabbitmq.host=rabbitmq
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

# Eureka
# eureka.instance.preferIpAddress=true
eureka.client.registerWithEureka=true
eureka.client.fetchRegistry=true
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=${EUREKA_URI:http://eureka:8761/eureka}

# Actuator
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*

启动类：

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class ContentServiceApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ContentServiceApplication.class, args);
    }

}

Eureka #

application.properties：

spring.application.name=Eruka
server.port=8761

eureka.client.registerWithEureka=false
eureka.client.fetchRegistry=false
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://eureka:8761/eureka
eureka.renewalPercentThreshold=0.85

启动类：

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class ErukaApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ErukaApplication.class, args);
    }

}

Gateway/Zuul #

application.properties：

spring.application.name=Gateway
server.port=8080

spring.docker.compose.enabled=false
spring.main.web-application-type=reactive

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none


# Eureka
# eureka.instance.preferIpAddress=true
eureka.client.registerWithEureka=true
eureka.client.fetchRegistry=true
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=${EUREKA_URI:http://eureka:8761/eureka}


# Actuator
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.port=8080

# ===================================
# Zuul

# Content service
zuul.routes.content-service.serviceId=content-service
zuul.routes.content-service.path=/cont/**
zuul.routes.content-service.stripPrefix=true

启动类：

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewayApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Docker Compose配置 #

version: '3.8'

services:

  # ============= GATEWAY ===============
  gateway:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: API_GATEWAY/DockerfileGateway
    container_name: Gateway
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - ms_architecture
  # ===================================

  # ============= EUREKA ===============
  eureka:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: API_GATEWAY/DockerfileEruka
    container_name: Eureka
    ports:
      - "8761:8761"
    networks:
      - ms_architecture
  # ===================================

    # ============= CONTENT SERVICE ===============

  mongodb:
    image: mongo:latest
    container_name: mongodb
    ports:
      - 27017:27017
    networks:
      - ms_architecture

  content_service:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: MicroServices/Content/ContentServiceDockerfile
    depends_on:
      - mongodb
    ports:
      - "8082:8082"
    environment:
      SPRING_DATA_MONGODB_URI: mongodb://mongodb:27017/test
      RABBITMQ_HOST: rabbitmq
      RABBITMQ_PORT: 5672
    networks:
      - ms_architecture
  # ===================================


  # ============= RABBITMQ ===============
  rabbitmq:
    image: rabbitmq:management
    container_name: rabbitmq
    ports:
      - "5672:5672"
      - "15672:15672"
    networks:
      - ms_architecture
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "rabbitmqctl", "status"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3

  # ===================================

networks:
  ms_architecture:
    driver: bridge

1. Zuul路由的serviceId与Eureka注册服务名不匹配 #

ContentService配置的spring.application.name=ContentService，但Zuul里配置的zuul.routes.content-service.serviceId=content-service（全小写）。Eureka默认对服务名大小写敏感，导致Zuul无法找到对应服务实例。

解决方法：
修改Zuul的application.properties，将serviceId改为与ContentService一致的名称：

zuul.routes.content-service.serviceId=ContentService

2. Zuul与Reactive Web类型冲突 #

Gateway配置中spring.main.web-application-type=reactive，但Zuul是基于Servlet的网关，使用Reactive类型会导致Zuul路由功能异常，无法正确处理请求转发。

解决方法：
删除Gateway的application.properties中该配置，或修改为Servlet类型：

spring.main.web-application-type=servlet

3. Eureka服务名拼写错误 #

Eureka的application.properties中spring.application.name=Eruka（正确应为Eureka），虽然不影响容器间DNS解析，但建议修正拼写以避免潜在问题。

4. 服务启动顺序导致注册失败 #

Docker Compose的depends_on仅保证容器启动顺序，不保证服务就绪。ContentService可能在Eureka未完全启动时尝试注册，导致注册失败，Zuul无法发现服务。

解决方法：

• 给ContentService添加启动等待逻辑，或在Docker Compose中配置健康检查依赖；
• 手动重启ContentService容器，确保其成功注册到Eureka。

5. 验证Eureka注册状态 #

访问Eureka控制台http://localhost:8761，检查ContentService和Gateway是否都出现在实例列表中。若ContentService未注册，需排查其Eureka配置和网络连接。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Veruca Stucker