Ubuntu VPS下Python requests库无法发送请求求助

• 检查代理设置
  系统curl可能未使用代理，但Python的requests可能继承了环境变量中的代理配置，可在代码中显式禁用代理：

  import requests
  
  url = "http://139.248.156.245/test.php"
  response = requests.get(url, timeout=120, proxies={"http": None, "https": None})
  print(response.text)
  

• 对齐请求头
  curl与requests默认请求头存在差异，服务器可能拒绝了requests的请求头。先通过curl -v "http://139.248.156.245/test.php"查看curl的请求头，再复制到requests中：

  import requests
  
  url = "http://139.248.156.245/test.php"
  headers = {
      "User-Agent": "curl/7.68.0",  # 替换为curl实际的User-Agent
      "Accept": "*/*"
  }
  response = requests.get(url, timeout=120, headers=headers)
  print(response.text)
  

• 捕获异常排查错误
  原代码未处理异常，请求可能抛出错误但未显示。添加异常捕获查看详情：

  import requests
  
  url = "http://139.248.156.245/test.php"
  try:
      response = requests.get(url, timeout=120)
      response.raise_for_status()
      print(response.text)
  except Exception as e:
      print(f"错误详情: {e}")
  

• 调整SSL/TLS版本
  若目标网站SSL配置特殊，requests与curl使用的SSL库版本可能不一致，可指定TLS版本尝试：

  import requests
  from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
  from urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager
  import ssl
  
  class TLSAdapter(HTTPAdapter):
      def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=False):
          self.poolmanager = PoolManager(
              num_pools=connections,
              maxsize=maxsize,
              block=block,
              ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2
          )
  
  url = "http://139.248.156.245/test.php"
  session = requests.Session()
  session.mount("http://", TLSAdapter())
  session.mount("https://", TLSAdapter())
  response = session.get(url, timeout=120)
  print(response.text)
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者farshadarbab