切换至PHP属性实现OpenApi后，如何解决PHPStan数组类型错误？

我在用Swagger创建OpenAPI文档时，从注解切换到PHP属性后，PHPStan Level 6检测数组属性时提示缺少具体类型声明，但用旧注解时完全正常。

示例代码 #

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Api\Dto;

use OpenApi\Attributes as OA;

#[OA\Schema()]
class UserDto implements DtoInterface
{
    #[OA\Property(description: 'Personalnummer ', type: 'string')]
    public ?string $uid = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Name,Vorname', type: 'string')]
    public ?string $username = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Stammhaus', type: 'string')]
    public ?string $mainhouse = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Name, Vorname', type: 'integer')]
    public ?int $companyId = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Symfony Rollen in der Applikation', type: 'array')]
    /** @var array<string> */
    public array $roles = [];

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Rechte', type: 'array', items: new OA\Items(type: 'string'))]
    /** @var array<string> */
    public array $grants = [];

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Ressourcen', type: 'array')]
    /** @var array<string, array<string>> */
    public array $resources = [];
}

PHPStan报错信息 #

------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line   Api/Dto/UserDto.php
 ------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  26     Property App\Api\Dto\UserDto::$roles type has no value type specified in iterable type array.
         💡 See: https://phpstan.org/blog/solving-phpstan-no-value-type-specified-in-iterable-type
  29     Property App\Api\Dto\UserDto::$grants type has no value type specified in iterable type array.
         💡 See: https://phpstan.org/blog/solving-phpstan-no-value-type-specified-in-iterable-type
  33     Property App\Api\Dto\UserDto::$resources type has no value type specified in iterable type array.
         💡 See: https://phpstan.org/blog/solving-phpstan-no-value-type-specified-in-iterable-type
 ------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

解决方案 #

你的环境是PHP 8.2，支持原生泛型数组类型声明，直接替换掉PHPDoc注解，在array后通过<>明确数组元素类型即可，PHPStan会直接识别该类型，无需额外注解就能通过Level 6检测。

修改后的代码如下：

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Api\Dto;

use OpenApi\Attributes as OA;

#[OA\Schema()]
class UserDto implements DtoInterface
{
    #[OA\Property(description: 'Personalnummer ', type: 'string')]
    public ?string $uid = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Name,Vorname', type: 'string')]
    public ?string $username = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Stammhaus', type: 'string')]
    public ?string $mainhouse = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Name, Vorname', type: 'integer')]
    public ?int $companyId = null;

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Symfony Rollen in der Applikation', type: 'array')]
    public array<string> $roles = [];

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Rechte', type: 'array', items: new OA\Items(type: 'string'))]
    public array<string> $grants = [];

    #[OA\Property(description: 'Ressourcen', type: 'array')]
    public array<string, array<string>> $resources = [];
}

如果因特殊情况无法使用原生泛型，可确保PHPDoc的@var注解与属性声明严格匹配，同时检查PHPStan配置中是否开启了PHPDoc类型解析，但原生泛型是最简洁且符合PHP 8+特性的方案。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Calamity Jane