Flutter打包APK报错：加载flutter-plugin-loader插件异常

问题描述 #

构建APK时触发插件加载异常：

应用插件请求[id: 'dev.flutter.flutter-plugin-loader', version: '1.0.0']时发生异常
应用插件'dev.flutter.flutter-plugin-loader'失败。无法从缓存加载脚本'C:\src\flutter\packages\flutter_tools\gradle\src\main\groovy\native_plugin_loader.groovy'的编译类。

解决步骤 #

1. 验证Flutter SDK路径有效性 #

• 打开项目根目录的local.properties文件，确认flutter.sdk配置的路径（如C:\src\flutter）真实存在，且该路径下的packages/flutter_tools/gradle/src/main/groovy/native_plugin_loader.groovy文件确实存在。
• 若路径错误，修正后重新同步项目。

2. 清理缓存与构建文件 #

执行以下操作彻底清理后重新构建：

• 运行命令：flutter clean
• 删除项目根目录下的.gradle文件夹
• 删除android目录下的.gradle和build文件夹
• 执行flutter pub get拉取依赖
• 尝试重新构建APK：flutter build apk

3. 调整settings.gradle插件配置 #

修改pluginManagement区块中的includeBuild写法，避免路径解析问题：

pluginManagement {
    def flutterSdkPath = {
        def properties = new Properties()
        file("local.properties").withInputStream { properties.load(it) }
        def flutterSdkPath = properties.getProperty("flutter.sdk")
        assert flutterSdkPath != null, "flutter.sdk not set in local.properties"
        return flutterSdkPath
    }
    settings.ext.flutterSdkPath = flutterSdkPath()

    // 修改为文件对象方式引用
    includeBuild(new File(settings.ext.flutterSdkPath, "packages/flutter_tools/gradle"))

    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        gradlePluginPortal()
    }
}

同时，移除插件版本硬编码（Flutter会自动匹配SDK内置的插件版本）：

plugins {
    id "dev.flutter.flutter-plugin-loader" apply false
    id "com.android.application" version "7.4.0" apply false
    id "org.jetbrains.kotlin.android" version "1.8.10" apply false
    id "com.google.gms.google-services" version "4.3.15" apply false
}

4. 同步Flutter与Gradle版本兼容性 #

• 运行flutter upgrade升级到最新稳定版Flutter
• 若Gradle版本过低，更新gradle-wrapper.properties中的distributionUrl到兼容版本（如Flutter 3.10+推荐使用gradle-8.0-all.zip），同时对应升级com.android.application插件版本到8.0.0+

原配置文件参考 #

settings.gradle #

pluginManagement {
    def flutterSdkPath = {
        def properties = new Properties()
        file("local.properties").withInputStream { properties.load(it) }
        def flutterSdkPath = properties.getProperty("flutter.sdk")
        assert flutterSdkPath != null, "flutter.sdk not set in local.properties"
        return flutterSdkPath
    }
    settings.ext.flutterSdkPath = flutterSdkPath()

    includeBuild("${settings.ext.flutterSdkPath}/packages/flutter_tools/gradle")

    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        gradlePluginPortal()
    }
}


plugins {
    id "dev.flutter.flutter-plugin-loader" version "1.0.0"
    id "com.android.application" version "7.4.0" apply false //7.3.0
    id "org.jetbrains.kotlin.android" version "1.8.10" apply false
    id "com.google.gms.google-services" version "4.3.15" apply false
}

include ":app"

gradle-wrapper.properties #

#Fri Jun 23 08:50:38 CEST 2017
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl = https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.6-all.zip
#7.6 

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Grace Oduwa Omosumwen