React Native运行Android项目时GradleWrapperMain类加载失败求助

执行yarn android或npm run android时触发错误：

Error: Could not find or load main class org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain

环境配置 #

• Node: v18.20.3
• Yarn: 1.22.22
• Java: java version "17.0.10" 2024-01-16 LTS
• react-native: 0.69.4
• react: 18.0.0
• Android模拟器：Android 13
• 操作系统：MacOS Sonoma 14.4 (M1)

项目关键配置 #

package.json依赖片段 #

{
  "private": true,
 ...
  "dependencies": {
    "@invertase/react-native-apple-authentication": "^2.2.2",
    "@react-native-async-storage/async-storage": "^1.17.10",
    "@react-native-google-signin/google-signin": "^8.0.0",
    "@react-native-picker/picker": "^2.4.4",
    "@react-navigation/bottom-tabs": "^6.3.3",
    "@react-navigation/native": "^6.0.12",
    "@react-navigation/native-stack": "^6.8.0",
    "@reduxjs/toolkit": "^1.8.5",
    "axios": "^0.27.2",
    "jwt-decode": "^3.1.2",
    "moment": "^2.29.4",
    "react": "18.0.0",
    "react-hook-form": "^7.35.0",
    "react-native": "0.69.4",
    "react-native-calendars": "^1.1289.0",
    "react-native-confirmation-code-field": "6",
    "react-native-date-picker": "^4.2.5",
    "react-native-fbsdk-next": "^10.1.0",
    "react-native-gesture-handler": "^2.8.0",
    "react-native-get-location": "^2.2.1",
    "react-native-image-picker": "^4.10.0",
    "react-native-keyboard-aware-scroll-view": "^0.9.5",
    "react-native-linear-gradient": "^2.6.2",
    "react-native-maps": "^1.7.1",
    "react-native-modal": "^13.0.1",
    "react-native-modalize": "^2.1.1",
    "react-native-onesignal": "^4.4.1",
    "react-native-pager-view": "^6.1.4",
    "react-native-picker-select": "^8.0.4",
    "react-native-qrcode-svg": "^6.1.2",
    "react-native-rename": "^3.2.12",
    "react-native-safe-area-context": "^4.3.3",
    "react-native-screens": "^3.18.2",
    "react-native-simple-encryption": "^1.2.1",
    "react-native-svg": "^13.9.0",
    "react-native-switch-selector": "^2.2.1",
    "react-native-tab-view": "^3.5.1",
    "react-native-vision-camera": "^2.14.1",
    "react-redux": "^8.0.2"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/core": "^7.12.9",
    "@babel/runtime": "^7.12.5",
    "@react-native-community/eslint-config": "^2.0.0",
    "babel-jest": "^26.6.3",
    "eslint": "^7.32.0",
    "jest": "^26.6.3",
    "metro-react-native-babel-preset": "^0.70.3",
    "react-test-renderer": "18.0.0"
  },
  "jest": {
    "preset": "react-native"
  }
}

gradle-wrapper.properties #

distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.6-bin.zip
networkTimeout=10000
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists

android/build.gradle #

buildscript {
    ext {
        buildToolsVersion = "33.0.0"
        minSdkVersion = 21
        compileSdkVersion = 33
        targetSdkVersion = 33
        googlePlayServicesAuthVersion = "19.2.0"
        kotlinVersion = "1.6.10"

        if (System.properties['os.arch'] == "aarch64") {
            // For M1 Users we need to use the NDK 24 which added support for aarch64
            ndkVersion = "24.0.8215888"
        } else {
            // Otherwise we default to the side-by-side NDK version from AGP.
            ndkVersion = "21.4.7075529"
        }
    }
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.6.1") // I made the verion changes here between 7.6 and 7.6.1
        classpath("com.facebook.react:react-native-gradle-plugin")
        classpath("de.undercouch:gradle-download-task:5.0.1")
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.6.10"
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.10'
        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        maven {
            // All of React Native (JS, Obj-C sources, Android binaries) is installed from npm
            url("$rootDir/../node_modules/react-native/android")
        }
        maven {
            // Android JSC is installed from npm
            url("$rootDir/../node_modules/jsc-android/dist")
        }
        mavenCentral {
            // We don't want to fetch react-native from Maven Central as there are
            // older versions over there.
            content {
                excludeGroup "com.facebook.react"
            }
        }
        google()
        maven { url 'https://www.jitpack.io' }
    }
}

已尝试的无效方案 #

• 下载gradle-wrapper-7.6.jar放入android/gradle/wrapper/路径
• 执行./gradlew wrapper命令重建Gradle
• 修改gradle-wrapper.properties和android/build.gradle中的Gradle版本为7.6.1

解决方案 #

方案1：彻底清理Gradle缓存与本地Wrapper文件 #

1. 删除项目内的android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar文件
2. 删除本地Gradle缓存目录：~/.gradle/wrapper/dists/gradle-7.6-bin/
3. 执行以下命令重建Wrapper并构建：

   cd android
   ./gradlew clean
   ./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version 7.6 --distribution-type bin
   cd ..
   yarn android
   

   确保gradle-wrapper.properties内的distributionUrl与指定版本一致。

方案2：检查Java环境变量配置 #

Gradle 7.6兼容Java 17，需确认环境变量指向正确：

1. 执行echo $JAVA_HOME，确认路径指向Java 17安装目录
2. 若路径错误，在~/.zshrc或~/.bash_profile中添加：

   export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-17.0.10.jdk/Contents/Home
   export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
   

3. 执行source ~/.zshrc生效后，重新运行构建命令。

方案3：修复文件权限（M1 Mac专属） #

M1 Mac易出现权限异常，执行以下命令：

cd android
chmod +x gradlew
./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version 7.6

完成后重新尝试构建。

方案4：全量重置项目依赖与Gradle配置 #

1. 删除项目内android/.gradle、node_modules目录，以及yarn.lock/package-lock.json文件
2. 重新安装依赖：yarn install
3. 进入android目录执行：./gradlew build --refresh-dependencies
4. 回到根目录运行yarn android

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Abdiel49