如何用Python+BeautifulSoup提取XML标签内不含属性的内容？

问题 #

我正在用Python结合BeautifulSoup处理XML转HTML的工作，通过Python模板传递变量字符串。现有一段XML片段，其中<interview>标签包含多个属性和子元素。我已经通过interview变量获取了完整的带属性的<interview>标签，但现在需要得到仅包含该标签内部子内容的transcript变量（示例见下方）。当前代码里直接把transcript赋值为interview，导致拿到的是整个标签，请问怎么实现需求？

XML片段 #

<item key="68">
    <interview titleBib="22582" title="Harvey Birdman - Session III" bib="22582-3" interviewer="Phil Ken Sebben" location="Memphis, Tennessee" dateSingleRaw="1997-06-16T12:00:00Z" dateSingleRawTime="Mon, 06/16/1997 - 12:00" dateMultipleRaw="" abstractRaw="<p>Some of the topics discussed include: his childhood; </p>">
        <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden">
            <div class="field-items">
                <div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded">
                    <h3>Sebben:</h3>
                    <p>This is the text of the interview.</p>
                    <h3>Birdman:</h3>
                    <p>That's correct.</p>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </interview>
</item>

期望的transcript变量内容 #

<div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden">
    <div class="field-items">
        <div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded">
            <h3>Sebben:</h3>
            <p>This is the text of the interview.</p>
            <h3>Birdman:</h3>
            <p>That's correct.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

当前相关Python代码 #

interview = get_transcript(bn)
interviewer=""
date=""
location=""
transcript=""
if interview is not None:
    interviewer = interview.get('interviewer')
    date = interview.get('dateSingleRawTime')
    location = interview.get('location')
    transcript = interview
out = htmltemplate.substitute(title=title, interviewer=interviewer, date=date, location=location, 
                                transcript=transcript)

解决方案 #

要获取<interview>标签内部的子内容，可通过以下两种BeautifulSoup方法实现：

方法1：使用decode_contents()方法 #

该方法直接返回标签内部所有内容的HTML/XML字符串，完全匹配需求。修改transcript的赋值语句：

transcript = interview.decode_contents()

方法2：拼接子元素的字符串表示 #

若需更灵活处理子元素，可遍历<interview>的所有子节点并拼接其字符串形式：

transcript = ''.join(str(child) for child in interview.children)

修改后的完整代码 #

interview = get_transcript(bn)
interviewer=""
date=""
location=""
transcript=""
if interview is not None:
    interviewer = interview.get('interviewer')
    date = interview.get('dateSingleRawTime')
    location = interview.get('location')
    # 获取标签内部子内容
    transcript = interview.decode_contents()
out = htmltemplate.substitute(title=title, interviewer=interviewer, date=date, location=location, 
                                transcript=transcript)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Chip Calhoun