使用WinAppDriver与Selenium时遭遇TypeError错误求助

你遇到的报错是因为Selenium 4.x版本已废弃desired_capabilities参数，该参数被替换为capabilities或options参数，传递旧参数会触发类型错误。

解决方案1：改用capabilities参数 #

直接将代码中的desired_capabilities参数名替换为capabilities即可：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time

# Set up capabilities
capabilities = {
    "app": "Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App"
}

# Initialize the WebDriver with WinAppDriver
driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor='http://127.0.0.1:4723',
    capabilities=capabilities  # 替换参数名
)

try:
    # Wait for the app to open
    time.sleep(5)

    # Perform a simple calculation: 7 + 3 = 10
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Seven").click()
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Plus").click()
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Three").click()
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Equals").click()

    # Wait to see the result
    time.sleep(2)

except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

finally:
    # Close the application and quit the driver
    driver.quit()

解决方案2：使用WindowsOptions（Selenium 4推荐方式） #

通过专门的Options类配置应用信息，这是Selenium 4的标准用法，可读性更强：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.windows.options import Options  # 导入WindowsOptions
import time

# 配置应用选项
options = Options()
options.app = "Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App"

# Initialize the WebDriver with WinAppDriver
driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor='http://127.0.0.1:4723',
    options=options  # 传递options参数
)

try:
    # Wait for the app to open
    time.sleep(5)

    # Perform a simple calculation: 7 + 3 = 10
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Seven").click()
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Plus").click()
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Three").click()
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "Equals").click()

    # Wait to see the result
    time.sleep(2)

except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

finally:
    # Close the application and quit the driver
    driver.quit()

注意事项 #

• 确保WinAppDriver已正常启动（默认端口4723）
• 确认Selenium版本为4.x，若使用旧版Selenium 3.x则仍可使用desired_capabilities，但建议升级到最新版本以获得更好的兼容性

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user23256993