安装tgcrypto时构建wheel失败，已装编译工具仍报错

问题重现 #

error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Building wheel for tgcrypto (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [19 lines of output]
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312
creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests
copying tests_init_.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests
creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\cbc
copying tests\cbc\test_cbc.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\cbc
copying tests\cbc_init_.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\cbc
creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\ctr
copying tests\ctr\test_ctr.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\ctr
copying tests\ctr_init_.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\ctr
creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\ige
copying tests\ige\test_ige.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\ige
copying tests\ige_init_.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-312\tests\ige
running build_ext
building 'tgcrypto' extension
error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
[end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for tgcrypto
Failed to build tgcrypto
ERROR: ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects (tgcrypto)

解决方案 #

• 确认构建工具组件完整性
  打开Microsoft Visual Studio Installer，检查是否勾选了「Desktop development with C++」工作负载，同时确保该工作负载下的「MSVC v142及以上版本生成工具」、对应系统版本的「Windows SDK」已安装。如果组件不全，点击「修改」补充安装后重启电脑。

• 手动加载编译环境变量
  以管理员身份启动命令提示符（CMD）或PowerShell，运行对应Visual Studio版本的环境配置脚本（以VS2022社区版为例）：

  "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
  

  脚本执行完成后，在同一个窗口中运行pip install tgcrypto。

• 使用预编译wheel包安装
  直接下载对应Python版本（如3.12）和系统架构（win_amd64）的tgcrypto预编译wheel文件，通过本地安装绕过编译步骤：

  pip install 本地wheel文件路径\tgcrypto-xxx-cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl
  

• 检查Python版本兼容性
  部分包对最新Python版本的支持可能滞后，若上述方法无效，可尝试降级到Python 3.11后再安装tgcrypto。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者MOON MAN