通过CLI向Firebase Realtime Database上传合法JSON时遇Error 400

• 通过Firebase CLI执行database:set命令上传JSON文件到实时数据库时，持续返回Error 400，提示无法解析JSON数据
• 同一份JSON文件通过Firebase控制台手动上传可成功
• 查看firebase-debug.log发现请求发送时未正确携带JSON内容，而是传递了文件名字符串，导致解析失败

日志信息 #

[debug] [2024-07-11T18:49:42.872Z] >>> [apiv2][query] PUT dbpath.firebaseio.com/users/uid/works/.json
[debug] [2024-07-11T18:49:42.873Z] >>> [apiv2][body] PUT dbpath.firebaseio.com/users/uid/works/.json [stream]
[debug] [2024-07-11T18:49:43.291Z] <<< [apiv2][status] PUT dbpath.firebaseio.com/users/uid/works/.json 400
[debug] [2024-07-11T18:49:43.292Z] <<< [apiv2][body] PUT dbpath.firebaseio.com/users/uid/works/.json {"error":"Invalid data; couldn't parse JSON object, array, or value."}
[debug] HTTP Error: 400, Invalid data; couldn't parse JSON object, array, or value.
[error]
[error] Error: Unexpected error while setting data: FirebaseError: HTTP Error: 400, Invalid data; couldn't parse JSON object, array, or value.

执行的Bash脚本 #

for ((i=0; i<${#uids[@]}; i++)); do
    uid=${uids[$i]}
    var=${vars[$i]}
    
    
    varFile=$var
    varFile=${var//[-]/_}
    
    
    # 调用ORCID并保存JSON结果
    echo "Realizando solicitud a ORCID para ${var}"
    echo $varFile
    jsonFilePath="/Users/user/Documents/folder/outputs_json/prueba/works${varFile}.json"
    curl -H 'Content-Type: application/orcid+json' -H 'Authorization: Bearer authkey' "https://pub.orcid.org/v3.0/${var}/works" -i -o "$jsonFilePath"
    jsonFile="works${varFile}.json"
    
    # 删除文件前16行
    tail -n +17 "$jsonFile" > "${jsonFile}.tmp" && mv "${jsonFile}.tmp" "$jsonFile"
    
    # 更新Firebase数据
    echo "Actualizando Firebase para el UID ${uid}"
    echo $jsonFile
    firebase database:set "/users/${uid}/works/" --data ${jsonFile} -P project-name
    
done

JSON示例文件 #

{
  "last-modified-date" : {
    "value" : 1685720662037
  },
  "group" : [ {
    "last-modified-date" : {
      "value" : 1685720662037
    },
    "external-ids" : {
      "external-id" : [ {
        "external-id-type" : "doi",
        "external-id-value" : "10.1111/tpj.15599",
        "external-id-normalized" : {
          "value" : "10.1111/tpj.15599",
          "transient" : true
        },
        "external-id-normalized-error" : null,
        "external-id-url" : {
          "value" : "https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15599"
        },
        "external-id-relationship" : "self"
      } ]
    },
    "work-summary" : [ {
      "put-code" : 136214894,
      "created-date" : {
        "value" : 1685720662037
      },
      "last-modified-date" : {
        "value" : 1685720662037
      },
      "source" : {
        "source-orcid" : null,
        "source-client-id" : {
          "uri" : "https://orcid.org/client/0000-0001-9884-1913",
          "path" : "0000-0001-9884-1913",
          "host" : "orcid.org"
        },
        "source-name" : {
          "value" : "Crossref"
        },
        "assertion-origin-orcid" : null,
        "assertion-origin-client-id" : null,
        "assertion-origin-name" : null
      },
      "title" : {
        "title" : {
          "value" : "The small RNA‐mediated gene silencing machinery is required in Arabidopsis for stimulation of growth, systemic disease resistance, and suppression of the nitrile‐specifier gene NSP4 by Trichoderma atroviride"
        },
        "subtitle" : null,
        "translated-title" : null
      },
      "external-ids" : {
        "external-id" : [ {
          "external-id-type" : "doi",
          "external-id-value" : "10.1111/tpj.15599",
          "external-id-normalized" : {
            "value" : "10.1111/tpj.15599",
            "transient" : true
          },
          "external-id-normalized-error" : null,
          "external-id-url" : {
            "value" : "https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15599"
          },
          "external-id-relationship" : "self"
        } ]
      },
      "url" : {
        "value" : "https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15599"
      },
      "type" : "journal-article",
      "publication-date" : {
        "year" : {
          "value" : "2022"
        },
        "month" : {
          "value" : "02"
        },
        "day" : null
      },
      "journal-title" : {
        "value" : "The Plant Journal"
      },
      "visibility" : "public",
      "path" : "/0000-0001-7872-3135/work/136214894",
      "display-index" : "0"
    } ]
  },
  ],
  "path" : "/0000-0001-7872-3135/works"
}

核心问题 #

Firebase CLI的database:set命令中，--data参数如果要指定本地JSON文件，必须在文件名前加@符号；直接传递文件名会被当作字符串上传，导致JSON解析失败，这是报错的根本原因。

修复步骤 #

1. 修正Firebase命令的--data参数
   将脚本中的Firebase命令行修改为：

   firebase database:set "/users/${uid}/works/" --data "@${jsonFile}" -P project-name
   

   （如果文件名包含空格或特殊字符，@${jsonFile}需要用引号包裹，确保参数传递正确）

2. 优化curl请求（可选但推荐）
   当前curl命令使用-i参数会把HTTP响应头写入文件，导致文件开头不是纯JSON；虽然用tail删除了前17行，但响应头行数可能因请求结果变化而不稳定。建议去掉-i参数，直接保存纯JSON响应：

   curl -H 'Content-Type: application/orcid+json' -H 'Authorization: Bearer authkey' "https://pub.orcid.org/v3.0/${var}/works" -o "$jsonFilePath"
   

   此修改后可省略后续tail处理文件的步骤，避免因响应头行数变化导致JSON损坏。

3. 确保文件路径正确
   脚本中jsonFilePath是绝对路径，但jsonFile是相对文件名；如果执行脚本时的工作目录不是JSON文件所在目录，tail和firebase命令会找不到文件。可以改为直接使用绝对路径：

   jsonFile="${jsonFilePath}"
   

   或者在处理文件前切换到目标目录：

   cd "/Users/user/Documents/folder/outputs_json/prueba/"
   

验证修正后的脚本片段 #

# 更新Firebase数据
echo "Actualizando Firebase para el UID ${uid}"
echo $jsonFilePath
firebase database:set "/users/${uid}/works/" --data "@${jsonFilePath}" -P project-name

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者moco