将pigpio库Python代码转换为gpiod库的技术求助

需要将基于pigpio库的Python代码转换为gpiod库实现，已理解pigpio代码逻辑，但gpiod库缺乏可用文档导致转换受阻，已完成部分gpiod代码，需完整转换方案及gpiod文档指引。

原有pigpio代码 #

import pigpio

relay_1 = 5
pi = pigpio.pi()
def setupGPIO():
    if not pi.connected:  # Check connected
        print("Not connected to PIGPIO Daemon")
        setupGPIO()
    else:
        print("Connected to PIGPIO Daemon")

        pi.set_pull_up_down(relay_1, pigpio.PUD_DOWN)
        cb1 = pi.callback(relay_1, pigpio.EITHER_EDGE, pinChange)

def pinChange(pin, state, t):
    if (state == 0):
        print('LOW', pin, str(t))
    else:
        print('HIGH', pin, str(t))
    lastPin = t # used somewhere else

    # 原代码中interCom变量未定义，保留逻辑结构
    if (pin == interCom):
        some_func(state) 
    else:
        check_lights()


def check_lights():
    r1 = pi.read(relay_1)
    totals = r1
    # 原代码中pinTotals变量未定义，保留原输出结构
    print(f'totals != pinTotals {totals} {pinTotals}') 

if __name__ == "__main__":
    setupGPIO()

已完成的gpiod代码片段 #

import gpiod

relay_1 = 5  
def setupGPIO():
    print('setup gpio initiated')

    try:
        config = {
            relay_1: gpiod.LineSettings(
                direction=gpiod.line.Direction.INPUT,
                bias=gpiod.line.Bias.PULL_DOWN
            )
        }

        with gpiod.request_lines(
            "/dev/gpiochip4",
            consumer='gpio-setup',
            config=config
        ) as request:
            print('Connected to GPIO')

    except Exception as e:
        print(f'Failed to setup GPIO: {e}')
        setupGPIO()

    print('setup gpio executed')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    setupGPIO()

以下代码完全对应原有pigpio的功能，包括下拉电阻配置、双边沿触发回调、引脚状态读取：

import gpiod
import time

relay_1 = 5
# 原代码中interCom、pinTotals、some_func需自行定义，这里保留逻辑结构
interCom = None  # 替换为实际引脚号
pinTotals = 0
lastPin = 0

def pinChange(pin, state):
    # 生成微秒级时间戳，匹配pigpio的t参数格式
    t = int(time.time() * 1000000)
    if state == 0:
        print('LOW', pin, str(t))
    else:
        print('HIGH', pin, str(t))
    global lastPin
    lastPin = t

    if pin == interCom:
        some_func(state)
    else:
        check_lights()

def some_func(state):
    # 实现原函数逻辑
    pass

def check_lights():
    global request
    r1 = request.get_value(relay_1)
    totals = r1
    print(f'totals != pinTotals {totals} {pinTotals}')

def setupGPIO():
    print('setup gpio initiated')
    global request
    try:
        # 配置引脚：输入、下拉电阻、双边沿触发
        line_settings = gpiod.LineSettings(
            direction=gpiod.line.Direction.INPUT,
            bias=gpiod.line.Bias.PULL_DOWN,
            edge_detection=gpiod.line.EdgeDetection.BOTH_EDGES
        )
        config = gpiod.RequestConfig(
            consumer='gpio-listener',
            line_settings={relay_1: line_settings}
        )
        # 注意：GPIO芯片编号需根据硬件调整，树莓派通常为gpiochip0
        request = gpiod.request_lines("/dev/gpiochip0", config=config)
        print('Connected to GPIO')

        # 循环监听边缘事件，替代pigpio的回调机制
        while True:
            # 等待事件，超时1秒可按需调整
            events = request.wait_edge_events(1)
            if events:
                event = request.read_edge_event()
                pin = event.line_offset
                # 转换事件类型为0/1状态
                state = 1 if event.type == gpiod.line.EventType.RISING_EDGE else 0
                pinChange(pin, state)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'Failed to setup GPIO: {e}')
        # 添加延迟避免无限递归
        time.sleep(1)
        setupGPIO()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    setupGPIO()

1. GPIO芯片编号确认

   • 执行ls /dev/gpiochip*查看系统中的GPIO芯片，树莓派主GPIO控制器通常是gpiochip0，需根据硬件实际情况调整。

2. 关键API说明

   • gpiod.LineSettings：配置引脚方向、偏置电阻（上拉/下拉）、边缘检测类型（上升沿/下降沿/双边沿）。
   • gpiod.RequestConfig：定义请求的消费者名称（用于标识进程），关联引脚配置。
   • gpiod.request_lines：向GPIO芯片请求引脚资源，返回Request对象。
   • request.wait_edge_events(timeout)：等待边缘事件，超时返回None，有事件返回事件数量。
   • request.read_edge_event()：读取边缘事件，包含引脚偏移、事件类型、时间戳。
   • request.get_value(pin)：读取指定引脚的当前状态（0/1）。

3. 注意事项

   • gpiod的资源请求在手动调用request.release()或对象销毁后会释放，需在请求保持期间持续监听事件（如示例中的while循环）。
   • 边缘事件的原生时间戳为纳秒级，可通过event.timestamp获取并按需转换格式。
   • 权限问题：运行代码需拥有GPIO设备的读写权限，可通过sudo usermod -aG gpio $USER将用户加入gpio组解决。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者farhan jatt