ASP.NET MVC 5无法将500错误重定向至自定义错误页面

我正在为ASP.NET MVC应用创建自定义错误页面，已完成以下配置：

1. 错误控制器Action #

public ActionResult Error(int id, string message, string stackTrace)
{
    Response.StatusCode = id;
    ViewBag.Message = message;
    ViewBag.StackTrace = stackTrace;

    return View("~/Views/PaginaErro/PaginaErro.cshtml");
}

2. Global.asax.cs中的Application_Error方法 #

protected void Application_Error()
{
    Exception exception = Server.GetLastError();

    var httpException = exception as HttpException;

    int httpCode = httpException?.GetHttpCode() ?? (int)HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError;

    Server.ClearError();

    Response.Redirect("~/ErrorPage/Error?id=" + httpCode + "&message=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(exception.Message) + "&stackTrace=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(exception.StackTrace));
}

3. Web.config配置 #

<customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="~/ErrorPage/Error">
    <error redirect="~/ErrorPage/Error/404" statusCode="404"/>
    <error redirect="~/ErrorPage/Error/500" statusCode="500"/>
</customErrors>

4. 路由配置（RouteConfig） #

public class RouteConfig
{
    public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
    {
        routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

        routes.MapMvcAttributeRoutes();

        routes.MapRoute(
            name: "Default",
            url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
        );
    }
}

当前问题 #

• 404错误可正常跳转：触发Application_Error后进入ErrorPageController的Error方法。
• 500错误陷入循环：执行Response.Redirect后无法进入ErrorPageController，反复触发Application_Error。
• 500错误的异常信息：

The view 'Error' or its master was not found or no view engine supports the searched locations. The following locations were searched:
~/Areas/Erp/Views/AjusteDeEstoque/Error.aspx
~/Areas/Erp/Views/AjusteDeEstoque/Error.ascx
~/Areas/Erp/Views/Shar...

未创建名为Error的视图，不清楚系统为何要查找该视图。

问题原因分析 #

1. 自定义错误页配置冲突：Web.config中<customErrors>设置mode="On"，同时在Application_Error里使用Response.Redirect，500错误发生时，ASP.NET会先尝试按customErrors配置跳转，跳转过程中可能因路由或视图问题再次触发错误，导致循环。
2. MVC默认视图查找逻辑：当某个Action抛出未处理异常时，MVC会默认尝试查找对应控制器下的Error视图，而非直接跳转到自定义错误控制器，这就是系统查找~/Areas/Erp/Views/AjusteDeEstoque/Error.aspx的原因。

解决方案 #

方案1：替换Response.Redirect为服务器内部跳转

Response.Redirect会发送302重定向，引发新请求可能再次触发错误；改用Server.TransferRequest实现服务器内部跳转，避免循环。修改Application_Error方法：

protected void Application_Error()
{
    Exception exception = Server.GetLastError();
    var httpException = exception as HttpException;
    int httpCode = httpException?.GetHttpCode() ?? (int)HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError;

    Server.ClearError();
    
    // 构建路由数据直接调用错误控制器
    var routeData = new RouteData();
    routeData.Values["controller"] = "ErrorPage";
    routeData.Values["action"] = "Error";
    routeData.Values["id"] = httpCode;
    routeData.Values["message"] = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(exception.Message);
    routeData.Values["stackTrace"] = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(exception.StackTrace);

    IController controller = new ErrorPageController();
    controller.Execute(new RequestContext(new HttpContextWrapper(Context), routeData));
}

方案2：调整Web.config的customErrors配置

移除具体错误节点，统一由Application_Error处理，避免重复跳转：

<customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" defaultRedirect="~/ErrorPage/Error">
</customErrors>

方案3：确认错误视图路径正确性

检查~/Views/PaginaErro/PaginaErro.cshtml是否存在，若错误控制器属于某个区域，需确保视图路径包含区域名称（如~/Areas/[区域名]/Views/PaginaErro/PaginaErro.cshtml）。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Thiago Barbieri Catarina