如何从Adapter动态修改RecyclerView中ImageView的图片？

我卡了好几个小时了，想在RecyclerView的Adapter中修改ImageView的图片，图片名称来自Firebase（对应Model中的Time字段），图片存放在res\drawable目录下。我是Kotlin和Android开发新手，求帮忙或者教程指引。

主活动代码 #

private fun getDataFromFirebase(){
    binding.progressBar.visibility = View.VISIBLE
    FirebaseDatabase.getInstance("firebaseurl").reference
        .get()
        .addOnSuccessListener { dataSnapshot->
            if(dataSnapshot.exists()){
                for (snapshot in dataSnapshot.children){
                    val quizModel = snapshot.getValue(QuizModel::class.java)
                    if (quizModel != null) {
                        quizModelList.add(quizModel)
                    }
                }
            }
            setupRecyclerView()
        }
}

Adapter代码 #

package np.com.bimalkafle.quizonline

import android.content.Intent
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.ViewGroup
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
import np.com.bimalkafle.quizonline.databinding.QuizItemRecyclerRowBinding

class QuizListAdapter(private val quizModelList : List<QuizModel>) :
    RecyclerView.Adapter<QuizListAdapter.MyViewHolder>() {
    class MyViewHolder(private val binding: QuizItemRecyclerRowBinding) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(binding.root) {
        fun bind(model : QuizModel){
            binding.apply {
                quizTitleText.text = model.title
                quizSubtitleText.text = model.subtitle
                quizTimeText.text = model.time + " min"
                quizImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.humanas)
                root.setOnClickListener {
                    val intent  = Intent(root.context,QuizActivity::class.java)
                    QuizActivity.questionModelList = model.questionList
                    QuizActivity.time = model.time
                    root.context.startActivity(intent)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): MyViewHolder {
        val binding = QuizItemRecyclerRowBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.context),parent,false)
        return MyViewHolder(binding)
    }

    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return quizModelList.size
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: MyViewHolder, position: Int) {
        holder.bind(quizModelList[position])
    }
}

布局代码 #

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/bg"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:padding="16dp"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="160dp"
        android:src="@drawable/logo" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:background="@drawable/rounded_corner"
        android:backgroundTint="@color/blueblack"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:padding="8dp">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:letterSpacing="0.1"
            android:text="Passei no Encceja"
            android:textColor="@color/white"
            android:textSize="34sp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_margin="16dp"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="Vamos estudar jogando juntos"
            android:textColor="@color/white"
            android:textSize="18sp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="4dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="Todas as Disciplinas"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:textStyle="bold" />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

        <ProgressBar
            android:id="@+id/progress_bar"
            android:layout_width="20dp"
            android:layout_height="20dp"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:visibility="gone" />

        <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
            android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp" />

    </RelativeLayout>

</LinearLayout>

核心思路是通过Firebase返回的图片名称（即model.time），动态获取对应的drawable资源ID，再设置给ImageView。

修改Adapter的bind方法 #

把原代码中quizImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.humanas)替换为以下代码：

binding.apply {
    // 其他原有代码保持不变...
    
    val context = root.context
    // 根据图片名称获取drawable资源ID
    val imageResId = context.resources.getIdentifier(
        model.time, 
        "drawable", 
        context.packageName
    )
    
    // 检查资源是否存在，避免App崩溃
    if (imageResId != 0) {
        quizImage.setImageResource(imageResId)
    } else {
        // 设置默认占位图（需提前在drawable目录添加对应资源）
        quizImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.default_placeholder)
    }
    
    // 点击事件原有代码保持不变...
}

关键注意事项 #

• 文件名严格匹配：Android的drawable资源文件名仅支持小写字母、数字、下划线和连字符，Firebase中time字段的值必须和文件名完全一致（比如Firebase存"humanas"，drawable里对应humanas.png或humanas.xml）
• 默认图兜底：如果Firebase返回的名称找不到对应资源，一定要设置默认图，防止App崩溃
• 资源命名规范：不要用特殊字符或大写字母命名drawable资源，否则会导致无法获取到资源ID

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Alexandre Leitão