使用Apache POI写入Excel时抛出IllegalArgumentException问题

问题场景 #

尝试用Apache POI写入新Excel文件，代码如下：

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;


class Scratch {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        XSSFWorkbook excelWB = null;
        try {
            String fileName = "C:\\Users\\frank\\Desktop\\Output\\test.xlsx"; 
            System.out.println("fileName: " + fileName);

            excelWB = new XSSFWorkbook();
            XSSFSheet sheet = excelWB.createSheet("PartList");

            XSSFRow headerRow = sheet.createRow(0);
            headerRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("Type");

            XSSFRow dataRow = sheet.createRow(1);
            dataRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("0th column");
            dataRow.createCell(1).setCellValue("1st column");

            FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
            excelWB.write(fileOut);
            fileOut.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //assert excelWB != null;
            excelWB.close();
        }
    }
}

执行时抛出IllegalArgumentException，报错信息如下：

14:24:12.172 [main] WARN org.apache.poi.util.XMLHelper - SAX Feature unsupported [log suppressed for 5 minutes] http://javax.xml.XMLConstants/property/accessExternalStylesheet
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not supported: http://javax.xml.XMLConstants/property/accessExternalStylesheet
    at org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl.setAttribute(TransformerFactoryImpl.java:571)
    at org.apache.poi.util.XMLHelper.trySet(XMLHelper.java:283)
    at org.apache.poi.util.XMLHelper.getTransformerFactory(XMLHelper.java:224)
    at org.apache.poi.util.XMLHelper.newTransformer(XMLHelper.java:230)
    at org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.StreamHelper.saveXmlInStream(StreamHelper.java:56)
    at org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.internal.ZipContentTypeManager.saveImpl(ZipContentTypeManager.java:68)
    at org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.internal.ContentTypeManager.save(ContentTypeManager.java:450)
    at org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.ZipPackage.saveImpl(ZipPackage.java:563)
    at org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage.save(OPCPackage.java:1490)
    at org.apache.poi.ooxml.POIXMLDocument.write(POIXMLDocument.java:227)
    at Scratch.main(20240726.excel.hata.java:27)

问题原因 #

该错误是由于Apache POI尝试设置http://javax.xml.XMLConstants/property/accessExternalStylesheet这个XML安全属性，但当前使用的TransformerFactory实现（如旧版Xalan）不支持该属性导致的。

解决方法 #

方法1：升级Apache POI版本 #

将Apache POI升级到5.2.5及以上的稳定版本，新版本已修复该兼容性问题，会自动跳过不支持的属性设置，无需修改代码。

方法2：指定兼容的TransformerFactory实现 #

在代码开头添加系统属性设置，指定支持该属性的TransformerFactory：

System.setProperty("javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory", "com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl");

或者在JVM启动时添加参数：

-Djavax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl

方法3：优化代码资源管理（可选） #

建议使用try-with-resources语法自动关闭流，避免资源泄漏，修正后的完整代码如下：

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

class Scratch {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 指定兼容的TransformerFactory
        System.setProperty("javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory", "com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl");
        
        XSSFWorkbook excelWB = null;
        try {
            String fileName = "C:\\Users\\frank\\Desktop\\Output\\test.xlsx"; 
            System.out.println("fileName: " + fileName);

            excelWB = new XSSFWorkbook();
            XSSFSheet sheet = excelWB.createSheet("PartList");

            XSSFRow headerRow = sheet.createRow(0);
            headerRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("Type");

            XSSFRow dataRow = sheet.createRow(1);
            dataRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("0th column");
            dataRow.createCell(1).setCellValue("1st column");

            // 使用try-with-resources自动关闭流
            try (FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(fileName)) {
                excelWB.write(fileOut);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (excelWB != null) {
                excelWB.close();
            }
        }
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lyrk