如何解决导入streamlit_authenticator时的_rust DLL加载失败错误

问题描述 #

使用streamlit开发时，执行import streamlit_authenticator as stauth触发以下报错：

>>> import streamlit_authenticator as stauth
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\Lambda\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\streamlit_authenticator\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    import jwt
  File "C:\Users\Lambda\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\jwt\__init__.py", line 17, in <module>
    from .jwa import std_hash_by_alg
  File "C:\Users\Lambda\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\jwt\jwa.py", line 26, in <module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import padding
  File "C:\Users\Lambda\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\cryptography\hazmat\primitives\asymmetric\padding.py", line 10, in <module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
  File "C:\Users\Lambda\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\cryptography\hazmat\primitives\hashes.py", line 10, in <module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.bindings._rust import openssl as rust_openssl
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _rust: The specified module could not be found.

环境配置：Python 3.10.9、streamlit 1.37.0、Windows 10

解决方案 #

• 重新安装带预编译二进制的cryptography
  卸载当前版本后，强制安装预编译版本，避免本地编译依赖问题：

  pip uninstall cryptography -y
  pip install cryptography --only-binary :all:
  

• 配置OpenSSL环境
  下载适配Windows 10的OpenSSL安装包完成安装，将其bin目录（如C:\Program Files\OpenSSL-win64\bin）添加到系统PATH环境变量，重启终端后重试导入操作。
• 降级cryptography到兼容版本
  部分高版本cryptography的Rust绑定在Python 3.10 Windows环境存在兼容问题，尝试降级到稳定版本：

  pip install cryptography==39.0.1
  

• 重建Python虚拟环境
  若使用虚拟环境，重新创建环境并重装所有依赖，避免环境损坏：

  python -m venv new_streamlit_env
  # Windows激活环境
  new_streamlit_env\Scripts\activate
  pip install streamlit streamlit-authenticator
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lambda