调用SystemTable函数时UEFI应用挂起或报错的问题排查

开发自定义操作系统及基础UEFI引导加载程序时，遵循OSDev上的GNU-EFI指南，遇到以下问题：

• 调用SystemTable->ConIn->ReadKeyStroke()时程序挂起，无后续输出
• 调用SystemTable->BootServices->HandleProtocol()时返回*EFI_INVALID_PARAMETERS(0x02)*错误
• 尝试用uefi_call_wrapper()替代直接调用，仍会导致程序挂起

代码示例及输出 #

测试ReadKeyStroke的boot.c #

#include <efi.h>
#include <efierr.h>
#include <efilib.h>

EFI_STATUS EFIAPI efi_main(EFI_HANDLE ImageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable) {
    InitializeLib(ImageHandle, SystemTable);

    Print(L"Loading kernel...\n");

    EFI_INPUT_KEY Key;
    SystemTable->ConIn->ReadKeyStroke(SystemTable->ConIn, &Key);
    Print(L"Pressed key...\n");
   
    return EFI_SUCCESS; 
}

运行输出：

BdsDxe: loading Boot0001 "UEFI EMU HARDDISK QM00001 * from PciRoot (0x0)/Pci (0x1,0x1) /Ata Primary.Ma ster,0x0)
BasDxe: starting Boot0001 "UEFI EMU HARDDISK QM00001 * from PciRoot (0x0) /Pcs (0x1.0x1) /Ata (Primary.M aster,0x0)
Loading kernel...

按下任意按键后程序无响应，不会输出Pressed key...

测试HandleProtocol的boot.c #

#include <efi.h>
#include <efierr.h>
#include <efilib.h>

EFI_STATUS EFIAPI efi_main(EFI_HANDLE ImageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable) {
    InitializeLib(ImageHandle, SystemTable);

    Print(L"Loading kernel...\n");

    EFI_LOADED_IMAGE_PROTOCOL *LoadedImage;
    EFI_STATUS s = 0;

    s = SystemTable->BootServices->HandleProtocol(ImageHandle, &gEfiLoadedImageProtocolGuid, (void**)&LoadedImage);
    Print(L"ERROR... %d \n", s);

    EFI_INPUT_KEY Key;
    SystemTable->ConIn->ReadKeyStroke(SystemTable->ConIn, &Key);
    Print(L"Pressed key...\n");
   
    return EFI_SUCCESS; 
}

运行输出：

BdsDxe: loading Boot0001 "UEFI EMU HARDDISK QM00001 * from PciRoot (0x0)/Pci (0x1,0x1) /Ata Primary.Ma ster,0x0)
BasDxe: starting Boot0001 "UEFI EMU HARDDISK QM00001 * from PciRoot (0x0) /Pcs (0x1.0x1) /Ata (Primary.M aster,0x0)
Loading kernel...
ERROR... 2

错误码2对应EFI_INVALID_PARAMETERS

构建使用的Makefile #

SRCDIR = src
OUTDIR = bin

CC = gcc
BOOTLOADER_CFLAGS = -I/usr/include/efi -fpic -ffreestanding -fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-check -fshort-wchar -mno-red-zone -maccumulate-outgoing-args -DEFI_FUNCTION_WRAPPER
KERNEL_CFLAGS = -ffreestanding -fshort-wchar

LD = ld 
BOOTLOADER_LDFLAGS = -shared -Bsymbolic -Lgnu-efi/ -Tgnu-efi/elf_x86_64_efi.lds gnu-efi/crt0-efi-x86_64.o -lgnuefi -lefi -nostdlib
KERNEL_LDFLAGS = -T src/kernel/kernel.ld -shared -Bsymbolic -nostdlib 

OBJCOPY = objcopy

BOOT = bootx64
KERNEL = kernel
OSNAME = tinyos

KSRCS := $(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/kernel/*.c)
OBJS = $(patsubst $(SRCDIR)/kernel/%.c, $(OUTDIR)/kernel/%.o, $(KSRCS))

# Build the kernel source files
$(OUTDIR)/kernel/%.o: $(SRCDIR)/kernel/%.c 
    @mkdir -p $(dir $@)
    $(CC) $(KERNEL_CFLAGS) -c $^ -o $@

# Link the kernel obj files into one elf executable
$(KERNEL).elf: $(OBJS)
    $(LD) $(KERNEL_LDFLAGS) -o $(OUTDIR)/kernel/$(KERNEL).elf $^

# Create the efi application
$(BOOT): $(SRCDIR)/boot/*.c
    $(CC) $(BOOTLOADER_CFLAGS) -c $^ -o $(OUTDIR)/boot/$(BOOT).o
    $(LD) $(BOOTLOADER_LDFLAGS) $(OUTDIR)/boot/$(BOOT).o -o $(OUTDIR)/boot/$(BOOT).so 
    $(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .sdata -j .data -j .rodata -j .dynamic -j .dynsym -j .rel -j .rela -j .rel.* -j .rela.* -j .reloc --target efi-app-x86_64 --subsystem=10 $(OUTDIR)/boot/$(BOOT).so $(OUTDIR)/boot/$(BOOT).efi

# Create the image file and copy the efi application (bootloader) to the efi partition of the image
buildimg: $(BOOT) $(KERNEL).elf
    dd if=/dev/zero of=$(OUTDIR)/$(OSNAME).img bs=512 count=93750
    mformat -i $(OUTDIR)/$(OSNAME).img ::
    mmd -i $(OUTDIR)/$(OSNAME).img ::/efi
    mmd -i $(OUTDIR)/$(OSNAME).img ::/efi/boot
    mcopy -i $(OUTDIR)/$(OSNAME).img $(OUTDIR)/boot/$(BOOT).efi ::/efi/boot
    mcopy -i $(OUTDIR)/$(OSNAME).img $(OUTDIR)/kernel/$(KERNEL).elf ::

run:
    qemu-system-x86_64 -cpu qemu64 -bios /usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF.fd -drive file=$(OUTDIR)/$(OSNAME).img,if=ide

开发环境 #

• 系统：Arch Linux
• 已安装软件包：最新版qemu、OVMF固件、gnu-efi

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者kreaon