Oracle Linux 7下安装PHP 7.4的php-gd时出错如何解决？

在Oracle Linux 7系统上为PHP 7.4安装php-gd组件时，执行以下命令：

sudo yum update
sudo yum install php-gd

均触发如下依赖错误：

Loaded plugins: langpacks, ulninfo
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php-gd.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 7.4.33-15.el7.remi for package: php-gd-7.4.33-15.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.103()(64bit) for package: php-gd-7.4.33-15.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gd3php.x86_64 0:2.3.3-7.el7.remi will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libraqm.so.0()(64bit) for package: gd3php-2.3.3-7.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libwebp.so.7()(64bit) for package: gd3php-2.3.3-7.el7.remi.x86_64
---> Package php-common.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 7.4.33-8.el7.remi for package: php-xml-7.4.33-8.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 7.4.33-8.el7.remi for package: php-sodium-7.4.33-8.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 7.4.33-8.el7.remi for package: php-7.4.33-8.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 7.4.33-8.el7.remi for package: php-json-7.4.33-8.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 7.4.33-8.el7.remi for package: php-cli-7.4.33-8.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 7.4.33-8.el7.remi for package: php-pdo-7.4.33-8.el7.remi.x86_64
---> Package php-common.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libraqm.x86_64 0:0.7.0-4.el7 will be installed
---> Package libwebp7.x86_64 0:1.0.3-2.el7.remi will be installed
---> Package php.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
---> Package php.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
---> Package php-cli.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
---> Package php-cli.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
---> Package php-json.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
---> Package php-json.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
---> Package php-pdo.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: php-pdo(x86-64) = 7.4.33-8.el7.remi for package: php-oci8-7.4.33-8.el7.remi.x86_64
---> Package php-pdo.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
---> Package php-sodium.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
---> Package php-sodium.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
---> Package php-xml.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
---> Package php-xml.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php-oci8.x86_64 0:7.4.33-8.el7.remi will be updated
---> Package php-oci8.x86_64 0:7.4.33-15.el7.remi will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: libclntsh.so.21.1()(64bit) for package: php-oci8-7.4.33-15.el7.remi.x86_64
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: php-oci8-7.4.33-15.el7.remi.x86_64 (remi-php74)
           Requires: libclntsh.so.21.1()(64bit)
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

尝试提示的--skip-broken和rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest命令后，问题仍未解决。

解决方案 #

错误根源是更新php-oci8组件时，需要Oracle客户端的libclntsh.so.21.1库文件，以下是三种解决思路：

1. 安装对应版本的Oracle Instant Client

Oracle Linux 7默认提供Oracle Instant Client的yum源，启用后即可安装所需库：

# 启用Oracle Instant Client源
sudo yum-config-manager --enable ol7_oracle_instantclient
# 安装21.1版本的基础客户端包
sudo yum install oracle-instantclient-basic-21.1.0.0.0

安装完成后，重新执行yum update或yum install php-gd即可。

2. 卸载不需要的php-oci8组件

如果业务不需要Oracle数据库连接功能，可直接卸载php-oci8，消除依赖链：

sudo yum remove php-oci8
# 重新安装php-gd
sudo yum install php-gd

3. 临时排除php-oci8的更新

若不想卸载组件也不想安装Oracle客户端，可在执行yum命令时排除php-oci8的更新：

# 安装php-gd时排除php-oci8
sudo yum install php-gd --exclude=php-oci8
# 或系统更新时排除php-oci8
sudo yum update --exclude=php-oci8

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Tahmidur Rahman