如何在macOS 12通过CLI安装Android模拟器

问题背景 #

在macOS 12系统上尝试通过命令行安装Android模拟器工具，完成OpenJDK安装并配置路径、安装android-commandlinetools后，发现预期的emulator工具并未包含在内，最终通过sdkmanager单独安装并配置路径解决问题。

1. 安装OpenJDK #

使用Homebrew安装OpenJDK：

$ brew install openjdk
==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/openjdk/manifests/22.0.2
####################################################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
==> Fetching openjdk
==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/openjdk/blobs/sha256:84795b272691e9ee02b9a0bb9fba35552c1ae8d3b977be2468dc71e57aa4e42f
Already downloaded: /Users/sebastien/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/d77dda9a4f3951018aa3f9bb83beae31f635ebac5ba939d25d7278da1345ca95--openjdk--22.0.2.monterey.bottle.tar.gz
==> Pouring openjdk--22.0.2.monterey.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
For the system Java wrappers to find this JDK, symlink it with
  sudo ln -sfn /usr/local/opt/openjdk/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk.jdk

openjdk is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides similar software and installing this software in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.

If you need to have openjdk first in your PATH, run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openjdk/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.profile

For compilers to find openjdk you may need to set:
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openjdk/include"
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/openjdk/22.0.2: 602 files, 330MB
Warning: HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALLED_DEPENDENTS_CHECK is set: not checking for outdated
dependents or dependents with broken linkage!

2. 验证OpenJDK路径配置 #

确认Java已添加到系统路径：

$ which java
/usr/local/opt/openjdk/bin/java
$ 

3. 安装Android命令行工具 #

通过Homebrew安装android-commandlinetools：

$ brew install android-commandlinetools
==> Caveats
Default Android SDK root is /usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools

android-commandlinetools requires Java. You can install the latest version with:
  brew install --cask temurin

==> Downloading https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-mac-11076708_latest.zip
##################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
==> Installing Cask android-commandlinetools
==> Moving Generic Artifact 'cmdline-tools' to '/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/cmdline-tools/latest'
==> Linking Binary 'avdmanager' to '/usr/local/bin/avdmanager'
==> Linking Binary 'lint' to '/usr/local/bin/lint'
==> Linking Binary 'retrace' to '/usr/local/bin/retrace'
==> Linking Binary 'sdkmanager' to '/usr/local/bin/sdkmanager'
==> Linking Binary 'apkanalyzer' to '/usr/local/bin/apkanalyzer'
==> Linking Binary 'screenshot2' to '/usr/local/bin/screenshot2'
🍺  android-commandlinetools was successfully installed!
Warning: HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALLED_DEPENDENTS_CHECK is set: not checking for outdated
dependents or dependents with broken linkage!

4. 问题：未找到emulator工具 #

查看android-commandlinetools包含的二进制工具，发现没有emulator：

$ brew info android-commandlinetools | grep bin/
/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/avdmanager (Binary)
/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/lint (Binary)
/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/retrace (Binary)
/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/sdkmanager (Binary)
/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/apkanalyzer (Binary)
/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/screenshot2 (Binary)
$ 

5. 解决步骤：通过sdkmanager安装并配置emulator #

5.1 查看可用的emulator版本 #

$ sdkmanager --list | grep emulator
  emulator | 34.2.16 | Android Emulator | emulator
  emulator                                                                                 | 34.2.16           | Android Emulator
$ 

5.2 同意SDK许可协议 #

$ yes | sdkmanager --licenses > /dev/null
$ 

5.3 安装emulator #

$ sdkmanager --install emulator
[=======================================] 100% Unzipping... emulator/._NOTICE.tx
$ 

5.4 配置系统路径 #

先确认当前未找到emulator，然后设置Android SDK根目录并将emulator路径添加到系统PATH：

$ which emulator
$ export ANDROID_SDK_ROOT=/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools
$ PATH="$ANDROID_SDK_ROOT/emulator:$PATH"
$ which emulator
/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools/emulator/emulator
$ 

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SebMa