如何通过独立Docker-Compose文件连接Eureka Server与Client

我尝试通过Docker Compose部署Eureka Server和Eureka Client并实现两者连接，现有配置如下：

Eureka Client 配置 #

application.yml #

spring:
  jackson:
    serialization:
      fail-on-empty-beans: false
  application:
    name: usersMicro
  jpa:
    show-sql: true
    database: POSTGRESQL
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: create-drop
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/my_test_db
    username: root
    password: admin
    driver-class-name: org.postgresql.Driver
server:
  port: 8089
#eureka:
#  client:
#    serviceURL:
#      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

eureka:
  client:
    serviceURL:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
    service-url:
      zone1: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
    region: region-1
    availability-zones:
      region-1: zone1

Dockerfile #

FROM ubuntu:latest
LABEL authors="user"

ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b"]

FROM openjdk:17-jdk-slim
VOLUME /tmp
COPY target/usersMicro-1.jar user-service.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","/user-service.jar"]

docker-compose.yml #

version: "3.9"
services:
  user-service:
    container_name: user-service
    image: user-service
    restart: unless-stopped
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - "8089:8089"
    networks:
      - postgres
networks:
  postgres:
    name: shared-network
    external: true

Eureka Server 配置 #

application.yml #

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka_server
server:
  port:
    - "8761:8761"

eureka:
  hostname: localhost
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false

Dockerfile（仅差异部分） #

COPY target/eureka_server-1.jar eureka-server.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","/eureka-server.jar"]

docker-compose.yml #

version: '3.9'
services:
  # EUREKA-SERVER CONTAINER............................................
  eureka_server-service:
    container_name: eureka_server
    image: eureka_server
    restart: on-failure
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - "8761:8761"
    networks:
      - postgres
# NETWORKS CONFIGURATION....................................................
networks:
  postgres:
    name: shared-network
    external: true

问题现象 #

Server和Client的docker-compose文件位于不同目录，此前已成功连接不同磁盘上的数据库，但Docker部署时出现连接拒绝错误：

com.netflix.discovery.shared.transport.TransportException: Cannot execute request on any known server

或

2024-08-06T13:28:24.835500447Z Caused by: org.apache.hc.client5.http.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to http://localhost:8761 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused

IDE中直接启动时连接正常。

1. 修正容器间访问地址 #

容器内的localhost指向容器自身，而非宿主机或其他容器。由于两个容器已加入同一外部网络shared-network，可以直接通过容器名称或服务名称访问Eureka Server。

修改Eureka Client的application.yml中Eureka配置部分：

eureka:
  client:
    serviceURL:
      defaultZone: http://eureka_server:8761/eureka/  # 替换为Eureka Server的容器名称
    service-url:
      zone1: http://eureka_server:8761/eureka/  # 同样替换
    region: region-1
    availability-zones:
      region-1: zone1

2. 修复Eureka Server的端口配置错误 #

Server的application.yml中server.port配置错误，Spring Boot的端口应为单个数值，而非Docker Compose的端口映射格式。修改如下：

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka_server
server:
  port: 8761  # 修正为单个端口值

eureka:
  hostname: eureka_server  # 可选：改为容器名称，方便其他容器识别
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false

3. 修正数据库连接地址（可选） #

如果数据库部署在宿主机，容器内的localhost无法访问，需根据操作系统调整：

• Windows/macOS：使用host.docker.internal替代localhost，即jdbc:postgresql://host.docker.internal:5432/my_test_db
• Linux：使用宿主机的实际IP地址，或在docker-compose中添加extra_hosts配置映射宿主机

4. 验证网络连通性 #

进入Eureka Client容器，执行以下命令测试是否能访问Eureka Server：

docker exec -it user-service curl http://eureka_server:8761

若返回Eureka Server的页面内容，说明网络连通正常。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Артём Орёл