Unity C#中Firebase数据序列化与反序列化失败问题排查

你的反序列化失败核心原因在于类成员的定义方式以及Unity环境下JSON工具的兼容性问题，以下是具体修复步骤：

1. 将自动属性改为公共字段 #

Unity自带的JsonUtility不支持自动属性（{ get; set; }），即使使用Newtonsoft的JsonConvert，在Unity环境下也可能因为属性/字段的差异导致解析异常。把类中的自动属性改为公共字段即可解决基础兼容性问题：

修改PuzzleSphereInformation类：

[Serializable]
public class PuzzleSphereInformation
{
    public string creatorName;
    public List<PuzzleSphereTarget> puzzleSphereTarget;

    public PuzzleSphereInformation()
    {
        this.creatorName = null;
        this.puzzleSphereTarget = new List<PuzzleSphereTarget>();
    }
    public PuzzleSphereInformation(string creatorName, List<PuzzleSphereTarget> puzzleSphereTarget)
    {
        this.creatorName = creatorName;
        this.puzzleSphereTarget = puzzleSphereTarget;
    }

    public string ToJson()
    {
        return JsonUtility.ToJson(this);
    }
}

PuzzleSphereTarget类可简化Nullable<float>为float?（功能完全一致）：

[Serializable]
public class PuzzleSphereTarget
{
    public float? x;
    public float? y;
    public float? z;

    public PuzzleSphereTarget()
    {
        this.x = null;
        this.y = null;
        this.z = null;
    }
    public PuzzleSphereTarget(float xParam, float yParam, float zParam)
    {
        this.x = xParam;
        this.y = yParam;
        this.z = zParam;
    }

    public string ToJson()
    {
        return JsonUtility.ToJson(this);
    }
}

2. 统一序列化/反序列化工具 #

避免混合使用JsonUtility和JsonConvert，选择其中一种保持全程一致：

方案A：全程使用Newtonsoft.Json（推荐） #

先通过Unity Package Manager安装com.unity.nuget.newtonsoft-json包，再给类成员添加[JsonProperty]标记明确JSON键与类成员的映射关系：

[Serializable]
public class PuzzleSphereTarget
{
    [JsonProperty("x")]
    public float? x;
    [JsonProperty("y")]
    public float? y;
    [JsonProperty("z")]
    public float? z;

    // 构造函数不变
}

[Serializable]
public class PuzzleSphereInformation
{
    [JsonProperty("creatorName")]
    public string creatorName;
    [JsonProperty("puzzleSphereTarget")]
    public List<PuzzleSphereTarget> puzzleSphereTarget;

    // 构造函数不变
}

序列化和反序列化统一用JsonConvert：

// 保存逻辑
private void SavePuzzle(string creatorName, List<PuzzleSphereTarget> puzzleTargets)
{
    PuzzleSphereInformation puzzleInfo = new PuzzleSphereInformation(creatorName, puzzleTargets);
    string puzzleInfoJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(puzzleInfo);
    FirebaseDatabase.DefaultInstance.GetReference($"/community_puzzles/").Push().SetRawJsonValueAsync(puzzleInfoJson);
}

// 反序列化逻辑
_databaseReference.GetValueAsync().ContinueWithOnMainThread(task =>
{
    // 省略Firebase相关代码
    foreach (DataSnapshot targetInfo in targetSnapshot.Children)
    {
        string puzzleDataJson = targetInfo.GetRawJsonValue();
        // 先打印确认JSON字符串内容正确
        Debug.Log("Received JSON: " + puzzleDataJson);
        PuzzleSphereInformation puzzleInformation = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<PuzzleSphereInformation>(puzzleDataJson);
        Debug.Log("creatorName: " + puzzleInformation.creatorName);
    }
    // 省略Firebase相关代码
});

方案B：全程使用Unity JsonUtility #

若坚持用JsonUtility，需注意Unity 2020.1及以上版本才支持Nullable类型，低于该版本需自定义空值处理逻辑。序列化反序列化统一用JsonUtility：

// 保存逻辑
private void SavePuzzle(string creatorName, List<PuzzleSphereTarget> puzzleTargets)
{
    PuzzleSphereInformation puzzleInfo = new PuzzleSphereInformation(creatorName, puzzleTargets);
    string puzzleInfoJson = JsonUtility.ToJson(puzzleInfo);
    FirebaseDatabase.DefaultInstance.GetReference($"/community_puzzles/").Push().SetRawJsonValueAsync(puzzleInfoJson);
}

// 反序列化逻辑
PuzzleSphereInformation puzzleInformation = JsonUtility.FromJson<PuzzleSphereInformation>(puzzleDataJson);

3. 验证数据获取正确性 #

在反序列化前打印获取到的JSON字符串，确认内容与Firebase中存储的完全一致，排除Firebase数据读取时的层级或转义错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Raz781