Ton区块链发送消息失败报错exitcode=36，请求技术排查

我在向Ton区块链发送消息时遇到问题，确认代码逻辑无误，但仍报错。以下是我的代码：

async def deposit(self, amount, to_address, comment=None, token=None, fee=0.06):
    try:
        wallet = self.import_wallet()
        seqno = self.get_seqno()
        if token:
            token_address = self.client.define_token(**token)[0]["owner_address"]
            body = JettonWallet().create_transfer_body(
                to_address=Address(to_address),
                jetton_amount=amount * 10 ** 9
            )
            query = wallet.create_transfer_message(
                to_addr=token_address,
                seqno=seqno,
                payload=body,
                amount=fee * 10 ** 9
            )["message"].to_boc(False)

        else:
            query = wallet.create_transfer_message(
                to_addr=to_address,
                amount=to_nano(amount, "ton"),
                payload=comment if comment else "no message",
                seqno=seqno,
                send_mode=3
            )["message"].to_boc(False)

        client = await self.ton_client.get_client(index=5)
        await client.raw_send_message(query)
        return "Deposit successful."

    except Exception as e:
        return f"Failed to send deposit: {e}"
    finally:
        await client.close()

完整错误信息如下：

{
    "response": "Failed to send deposit: LITE_SERVER_UNKNOWN: cannot apply external message to current state : External message was not accepted\nCannot run message on account: inbound external message rejected by transaction 0332CEA4C9A11B46D22461E4C5DB6CDB885DBAEB73C60BB00F71C200D5C21E29:\nexitcode=36, steps=13, gas_used=0\nVM Log (truncated):\n...CTPUSHCONST 19 (xC_,1)\nexecute DICTIGETJMPZ\nexecute PUSHPOW2 9\nexecute LDSLICEX\nexecute DUP\nexecute LDU 32\nexecute LDU 32\nexecute LDU 32\nexecute XCHG s2\nexecute NOW\nexecute LEQ\nexecute THROWIF 36\ndefault exception handler, terminating vm with exit code 36\n"
}

问题分析 #

Exit Code 36对应消息过期，Ton钱包合约会校验消息的expire_at字段，若当前链上时间超过该值，就会拒绝执行消息。从VM日志里的NOW、LEQ、THROWIF 36也能验证这一点——合约在对比当前时间与消息过期时间，发现已过期后抛出异常。

修复方案 #

1. 显式设置消息过期时间 #

创建转账消息时添加expire_at参数，设置合理的过期时间（比如当前时间+300秒，即5分钟），避免消息因网络延迟或链上拥堵过期。修改后的代码如下：

import time
import asyncio

async def deposit(self, amount, to_address, comment=None, token=None, fee=0.06):
    try:
        wallet = self.import_wallet()
        seqno = self.get_seqno()
        # 设置过期时间：当前时间 + 300秒（5分钟）
        expire_at = int(time.time()) + 300
        
        if token:
            token_address = self.client.define_token(**token)[0]["owner_address"]
            body = JettonWallet().create_transfer_body(
                to_address=Address(to_address),
                jetton_amount=amount * 10 ** 9
            )
            query = wallet.create_transfer_message(
                to_addr=token_address,
                seqno=seqno,
                payload=body,
                amount=fee * 10 ** 9,
                expire_at=expire_at  # 添加过期时间
            )["message"].to_boc(False)

        else:
            query = wallet.create_transfer_message(
                to_addr=to_address,
                amount=to_nano(amount, "ton"),
                payload=comment if comment else "no message",
                seqno=seqno,
                send_mode=3,
                expire_at=expire_at  # 添加过期时间
            )["message"].to_boc(False)

        client = await self.ton_client.get_client(index=5)
        await client.raw_send_message(query)
        return "Deposit successful."

    except Exception as e:
        return f"Failed to send deposit: {e}"
    finally:
        await client.close()

2. 确保seqno实时性 #

获取seqno后，确保其为最新值，避免使用过时seqno导致消息被拒。可添加短暂延迟或重试时重新获取：

seqno = self.get_seqno()
# 可选：添加短延迟确保seqno同步
await asyncio.sleep(0.5)

3. 检查send_mode参数 #

当前使用send_mode=3（SEND_MODE_PAY_GAS_SEPARATELY），普通转账没问题，但Jetton转账需确认合约支持该模式。若有问题，可尝试改为send_mode=128（SEND_MODE_DESTROY_IF_ZERO）或其他合适模式。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者pouya Chraghchian