Swift Cocoa程序Sonoma系统中printOperation无法运行求助

我有一个用Swift编写的Cocoa打印NSView程序，在Monterey系统运行正常，但到了Sonoma系统里打印面板完全不显示，同时弹出以下错误：

Failed to connect (genericPrinterImage) outlet from (PMPrinterSelectionController) to (NSImageView): missing setter or instance variable
Failed to connect (otherPrintersLabel) outlet from (PMPrinterSelectionController) to (NSTextField): missing setter or instance variable
Failed to connect (localPrintersLabel) outlet from (PMPrinterSelectionController) to (NSTextField): missing setter or instance variable
Failed to connect (genericPrinterImage) outlet from (PMPrinterSelectionController) to (NSImageView): missing setter or instance variable

对应的代码实现如下：

func createPrintOperation() {
        let printOpts: [NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey: Any] = [
            .headerAndFooter: false,
            .orientation: NSPrintInfo.PaperOrientation.portrait
        ]
        let printInfo = NSPrintInfo(dictionary: printOpts)
        printInfo.leftMargin = 0
        printInfo.rightMargin = 0
        printInfo.topMargin = 0
        printInfo.bottomMargin = 0
        printInfo.horizontalPagination = .fit
        printInfo.verticalPagination = .automatic
        printInfo.isHorizontallyCentered = true
        printInfo.isVerticallyCentered = true
        printInfo.scalingFactor = 1.0
        printInfo.paperSize = NSMakeSize(612, 792) // Letter size

        // Create a print operation with the view you want to print , myPrintView is a NSView
        
        let printOperation = NSPrintOperation(view: myPrintView, printInfo: printInfo)
        
        // Configure the print panel
        printOperation.printPanel.options.insert(NSPrintPanel.Options.showsPaperSize)
        printOperation.printPanel.options.insert(NSPrintPanel.Options.showsOrientation)
        
        // Set the job title for the print operation
        let jobTitle = fact.nom_complet_f.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
        printOperation.jobTitle = jobTitle

        // Run the print operation
        printOperation.run()
    }

问题分析 #

这些错误是Sonoma系统中打印面板的内部控件连接失败导致的，本质是系统打印框架的资源加载出现冲突，或是自定义的打印配置干扰了系统默认组件的初始化流程。

解决方案 #

方案1：简化PrintInfo配置，使用系统默认实例 #

过度自定义PrintInfo可能触发系统打印面板的初始化异常，尝试简化配置并使用系统默认实例：

func createPrintOperation() {
    // 使用系统默认的PrintInfo实例
    let printInfo = NSPrintInfo.shared
    printInfo.leftMargin = 0
    printInfo.rightMargin = 0
    printInfo.topMargin = 0
    printInfo.bottomMargin = 0
    printInfo.horizontalPagination = .fit
    printInfo.verticalPagination = .automatic
    printInfo.isHorizontallyCentered = true
    printInfo.isVerticallyCentered = true
    printInfo.scalingFactor = 1.0
    printInfo.paperSize = NSMakeSize(612, 792) // Letter size

    let printOperation = NSPrintOperation(view: myPrintView, printInfo: printInfo)
    
    // 直接赋值面板选项而非插入，避免冗余配置
    printOperation.printPanel.options = [.showsPaperSize, .showsOrientation]
    
    let jobTitle = fact.nom_complet_f.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
    printOperation.jobTitle = jobTitle

    // 主线程异步运行，避免阻塞UI初始化
    DispatchQueue.main.async {
        printOperation.run()
    }
}

方案2：排查项目资源冲突 #

• 检查项目中是否存在自定义的PMPrinterSelectionController类或同名XIB文件，这类资源会覆盖系统默认组件
• 清理项目的Derived Data，重新编译运行

方案3：手动初始化打印面板 #

绕过默认的打印面板创建逻辑，手动初始化系统标准打印面板：

func createPrintOperation() {
    let printOpts: [NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey: Any] = [
        .headerAndFooter: false,
        .orientation: NSPrintInfo.PaperOrientation.portrait
    ]
    let printInfo = NSPrintInfo(dictionary: printOpts)
    // 保留原有printInfo配置
    
    let printOperation = NSPrintOperation(view: myPrintView, printInfo: printInfo)
    // 手动创建系统默认打印面板
    let printPanel = NSPrintPanel()
    printPanel.options = [.showsPaperSize, .showsOrientation]
    printOperation.printPanel = printPanel
    
    let jobTitle = fact.nom_complet_f.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
    printOperation.jobTitle = jobTitle

    printOperation.run()
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者S Lareau