如何用ESP8266创建Firestore自定义ID文档？请求返回错误-5

算力阿峰

2026-6-19

问题：ESP8266 01S通过HTTPClient向Firestore发送PATCH请求返回错误-5

场景说明

我是Firebase新手，在Arduino项目中使用ESP8266 01S模块，想要硬编码一个设备ID，以此ID在Firestore的fishtanks集合下创建（不存在则创建）对应文档。

当前代码

使用ESP8266HTTPClient发送PATCH请求，代码如下：

HTTPClient http;
String url = "https://firestore.googleapis.com/v1/projects/" FIRESTORE_PROJECT_ID "/databases/(default)/documents/fishtanks/" + tankId + "?key=" + FIREBASE_API_KEY;
http.begin(client, url);

String jsonData = "{\"fields\": {" 
                    "\"tankId\": {\"stringValue\": \"" + tankId + "\"},"
                    "\"userId\": {\"nullValue\": null},"  // Initialize as null
                    "\"size\": {\"nullValue\": null},"    // Initialize as null
                    "\"watertype\": {\"nullValue\": null}" // Initialize as null
                    "}}";

httpResponseCode = http.sendRequest("PATCH", jsonData);

问题现象

运行代码后，httpResponseCode返回错误码**-5**。

预期文档结构

当tankId为TankId_1时，预期Firestore中生成的文档结构如下：

"fishtanks": {
    "TankId_1": {
      "TankId": "TankId_1",
      "userId": "user_123",
      "size": null,
      "watertype": "freshwater"
    }
}

补充验证

已通过Postman发送相同逻辑的PATCH请求成功生成自定义ID的文档：

请求地址：https://firestore.googleapis.com/v1/projects/FIRESTORE_PROJECT_ID/databases/(default)/documents/fishtanks/MY_CUSTOM_TANK_ID
请求体：

{
  "fields": {
    "TankId": {
      "stringValue": "MY_CUSTOM_TANK_ID"
    },
    "UserId": {
      "nullValue": null
    },
    "TankSize": {
      "nullValue": null
    },
    "WaterType": {
      "nullValue": null
    }
  }
}