使用Maven构建GraalVM Native Image失败：找不到AgentOptionsConfiguration中的'option'

数据老陈

2026-6-19

GraalVM Native Image构建失败：AgentOptionsConfiguration找不到'option'字段

问题场景

在Windows 11系统上，遵循GraalVM Native Image Maven插件官方文档构建Java应用Native Image。mvn clean package和mvn -Pnative -Dagent exec:exec@java-agent执行正常，但运行mvn -DskipTests=true -Pnative -Dagent package时失败，报错：
Cannot find 'option' in class org.graalvm.buildtools.maven.config.agent.AgentOptionsConfiguration

环境信息

PS E:\zipper\OneDrive\remoteAccess\dev\p3s\p3sclient> mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.9.6 (bc0240f3c744dd6b6ec2920b3cd08dcc295161ae)
Maven home: C:\Program Files\NetBeans-22\netbeans\java\maven
Java version: 22.0.2, vendor: GraalVM Community, runtime: C:\Progra~1\Java\graalvm-community-openjdk-22.0.2+9.1
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "windows 11", version: "10.0", arch: "amd64", family: "windows"

pom.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    <name>p3sclient</name>
    <groupId>p3s</groupId>
    <artifactId>p3sclient</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    <parent>
        <groupId>p3s</groupId>
        <artifactId>p3s</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
        <relativePath>../</relativePath>
    </parent>
    
    <properties>
        <native.maven.plugin.version>0.10.2</native.maven.plugin.version>
        <junit.jupiter.version>5.11.0</junit.jupiter.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>22</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>22</maven.compiler.target>
        <imageName>p3sclient</imageName>
        <mainClass>p3sclient.Main</mainClass>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.formdev</groupId>
            <artifactId>flatlaf</artifactId>
            <version>0.46</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>p3s</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <version>5.11.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>java</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>java</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <mainClass>${mainClass}</mainClass>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <!-- annotationProcessorPaths requires maven-compiler-plugin version 3.5 or higher -->
                <version>3.10.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <annotationProcessorPaths>
                        <path>
                            <groupId>info.picocli</groupId>
                            <artifactId>picocli-codegen</artifactId>
                            <version>4.7.5</version>
                        </path>
                    </annotationProcessorPaths>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <mainClass>${mainClass}</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.0</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>assembly</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <mainClass>${mainClass}</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                    <descriptorRefs>
                        <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                    </descriptorRefs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>native</id>
            <build>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.graalvm.buildtools</groupId>
                        <artifactId>native-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        <version>${native.maven.plugin.version}</version>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <id>build-native</id>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>compile-no-fork</goal>
                                </goals>
                                <phase>package</phase>
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                        <configuration>
                            <fallback>false</fallback>
                            <agent>
                                <enabled>true</enabled>
                                <options>
                                    <enableExperimentalPredefinedClasses>true</enableExperimentalPredefinedClasses>
                                    <enableExperimentalUnsafeAllocationTracing>
                                        true
                                    </enableExperimentalUnsafeAllocationTracing>
                                    <trackReflectionMetadata>true</trackReflectionMetadata>
                                </options>
                            </agent>
                        </configuration>
                    </plugin>
                    
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                        <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        <version>3.4.1</version>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <id>java-agent</id>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>exec</goal>
                                </goals>
                                <configuration>
                                    <executable>java</executable>
                                    <workingDirectory>${project.build.directory}</workingDirectory>
                                    <arguments>
                                        <argument>-classpath</argument>
                                        <classpath/>
                                        <argument>${mainClass}</argument>
                                    </arguments>
                                </configuration>
                            </execution>
                            <execution>
                                <id>native</id>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>exec</goal>
                                </goals>
                                <configuration>
                                    <executable>${project.build.directory}/${imageName}</executable>
                                    <workingDirectory>>${project.build.directory}</workingDirectory>
                                </configuration>
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                    </plugin>
                    
                </plugins>
            </build>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

</project>

错误信息

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.graalvm.buildtools:native-maven-plugin:0.10.2:merge-agent-files (test-native) on project p3sclient: Unable to parse configuration of mojo org.graalvm.buildtools:native-maven-plugin:0.10.2:merge-agent-files for parameter option: Cannot find 'option' in class org.graalvm.buildtools.maven.config.agent.AgentOptionsConfiguration -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.graalvm.buildtools:native-maven-plugin:0.10.2:merge-agent-files (test-native) on project p3sclient: Unable to parse configuration of mojo org.graalvm.buildtools:native-maven-plugin:0.10.2:merge-agent-files for parameter option: Cannot find 'option' in class org.graalvm.buildtools.maven.config.agent.AgentOptionsConfiguration
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.doExecute2 (MojoExecutor.java:333)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.doExecute (MojoExecutor.java:316)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:212)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:174)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.access$000 (MojoExecutor.java:75)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor$1.run (MojoExecutor.java:162)
... ... ...

解决方案

问题根源是native-maven-plugin版本与agent配置格式不兼容：你使用的0.10.2版本插件不支持当前pom里的<options>子标签配置方式，该配置属于较新版本插件的语法。

两种修复方式：

升级插件版本：将native.maven.plugin.version改为1.0.0及以上的稳定版，新版本插件支持当前的<options>配置格式。

适配旧版本配置格式：如果不想升级插件，把agent的选项改为旧版本支持的格式，通过<option>标签传递JVM参数：

<agent>
    <enabled>true</enabled>
    <options>
        <option>-Dgraalvm.agent.experimental.predefinedClasses=true</option>
        <option>-Dgraalvm.agent.experimental.unsafeAllocationTracing=true</option>
        <option>-Dgraalvm.agent.trackReflectionMetadata=true</option>
    </options>
</agent>

或者直接在exec-maven-plugin的java-agent执行块中添加agent参数：

<execution>
    <id>java-agent</id>
    <goals>
        <goal>exec</goal>
    </goals>
    <configuration>
        <executable>java</executable>
        <workingDirectory>${project.build.directory}</workingDirectory>
        <arguments>
            <argument>-classpath</argument>
            <classpath/>
            <argument>-agentlib:native-image-agent=experimental-predefined-classes=true,experimental-unsafe-allocation-tracing=true,track-reflection-metadata=true</argument>
            <argument>${mainClass}</argument>
        </arguments>
    </configuration>
</execution>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者howToDeleteMyAccount

使用Maven构建GraalVM Native Image失败：找不到AgentOptionsConfiguration中的'option'

问题场景 #

环境信息 #

pom.xml配置 #

错误信息 #

解决方案 #