Blender 4.2通过VS Code启动开发服务器失败，debugpy安装报错

我使用VS Code搭配Blender开发插件和Python扩展进行开发，Blender 4.1版本下一切正常，但升级到4.2版本后，启动开发服务器时出现如下错误，无法安装debugpy：

ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.12/shutil.py", line 847, in move
    os.rename(src, real_dst)
OSError: [Errno 18] Invalid cross-device link: '/tmp/pip-target-zxossim0/lib/python/debugpy-1.8.5.dist-info' -> '/usr/lib64/python3.12/site-packages/debugpy-1.8.5.dist-info'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/gras/.local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 105, in _run_wrapper
    status = _inner_run()
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/gras/.local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 96, in _inner_run
    return self.run(options, args)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/gras/.local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 67, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/gras/.local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 519, in run
    self._handle_target_dir(
  File "/home/gras/.local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 578, in _handle_target_dir
    shutil.move(os.path.join(lib_dir, item), target_item_dir)
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.12/shutil.py", line 863, in move
    copytree(src, real_dst, copy_function=copy_function,
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.12/shutil.py", line 600, in copytree
    return _copytree(entries=entries, src=src, dst=dst, symlinks=symlinks,
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.12/shutil.py", line 498, in _copytree
    os.makedirs(dst, exist_ok=dirs_exist_ok)
  File "<frozen os>", line 225, in makedirs
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/lib64/python3.12/site-packages/debugpy-1.8.5.dist-info'

################################################################################
>   could not install debugpy
################################################################################

已尝试的操作：

• 从官网下载debugpy 1.8.5 zip包，在conda环境手动安装
• 在全局环境手动安装debugpy 1.8.5

请问我遗漏了哪些操作？

解决方案 #

1. 给Blender内置Python安装debugpy #

Blender 4.2自带独立的Python环境，你之前安装到conda或全局Python的debugpy不会被Blender识别。需要直接针对Blender的Python进行安装：

• 找到Blender 4.2的Python路径（Linux下通常为/usr/share/blender/4.2/python/bin/python3.12）
• 执行命令：

/path/to/blender-python -m pip install debugpy==1.8.5 --user

--user参数会将包安装到当前用户目录，避免系统级权限问题。

2. 修正VS Code调试配置的Python路径 #

打开.vscode/launch.json，确保配置中的pythonPath指向Blender自带的Python，而非系统或conda环境的Python：

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Blender Debug",
            "type": "python",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "/path/to/blender",
            "args": ["--python", "${workspaceFolder}/your_addon.py"],
            "pythonPath": "/path/to/blender/4.2/python/bin/python3.12",
            "console": "integratedTerminal"
        }
    ]
}

3. 解决跨设备链接错误 #

错误中的Invalid cross-device link说明/tmp和/usr位于不同磁盘分区，导致pip无法直接移动文件。可以将pip临时目录指定到与目标目录同分区的位置：

# 先创建临时目录
mkdir -p /home/gras/tmp
# 设置临时目录环境变量后安装
export TMPDIR=/home/gras/tmp
/path/to/blender-python -m pip install debugpy==1.8.5 --user

4. 避免系统级Python安装 #

不要尝试给/usr/lib64/python3.12（系统Python）安装包，除非使用sudo，但这可能破坏系统环境。优先使用--user参数或Blender自带Python的用户目录进行安装。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Cristian Cutite