如何让git log仅显示指定提交范围的直接路径提交？

假设你的feature分支历史中合并了另一个dependency分支，提交历史如下：

* e821b45 - (HEAD -> feature) feature commit (1 second ago) <Brendan Jackman>
*   c5b9ab7 - Merge branch 'dependency' into feature (4 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>
|\  
| * 0296ba0 - (dependency) dependency commit (22 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>
| * d332c6c - dependency commit (23 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>
| * 5844b6b - dependency commit (24 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* | 8bd2613 - feature commit (8 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* | 7e2679c - (tag: base, main) base (58 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>
|/  
* 429c8cf - hello (61 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* eda7b8f - hello (62 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>

常规执行git log base..feature会把dependency分支的提交也显示出来，但这些并不是你需要的feature主路径提交：

* e821b45 - (HEAD -> feature) feature commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
*   c5b9ab7 - Merge branch 'dependency' into feature (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
|\  
| * 0296ba0 - (dependency) dependency commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
| * d332c6c - dependency commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
| * 5844b6b - dependency commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* 8bd2613 - feature commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>

要只查看base到feature路径上的提交，使用--first-parent参数：

git log --first-parent base..feature

这个参数会让Git只跟随每个提交的第一个父提交，也就是合并操作时当前分支的那条主线，忽略合并进来的其他分支历史。执行后输出如下：

* e821b45 - (HEAD -> feature) feature commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
*   c5b9ab7 - Merge branch 'dependency' into feature (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* 8bd2613 - feature commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* 7e2679c - (tag: base, main) base (58 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>

如果连合并提交都不想显示，可以追加--no-merges参数：

git log --first-parent --no-merges base..feature

对应的输出会去掉合并记录：

* e821b45 - (HEAD -> feature) feature commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* 8bd2613 - feature commit (2 minutes ago) <Brendan Jackman>
* 7e2679c - (tag: base, main) base (58 seconds ago) <Brendan Jackman>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Brendan