如何将多层分组条形图最内层Strategy改为堆叠条形？

核心修改思路 #

将最内层的Strategy改为堆叠，需要先对Strategy进行堆叠，再对Size+Metric的组合进行分组并列，通过嵌套position_stack()到position_dodge2()实现，同时调整分组映射确保层级正确。

修改后的完整代码 #

library(ggplot2)
library(ggpattern)
library(tidyverse)

mydata <- structure(list(Metric = structure(c(2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 
                                              1L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 
                                              3L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 3L), 
                                            levels = c("Median", "Average", "Copula"), class = "factor"), 
                         Model = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 
                                             2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L), 
                                           levels = c("Model1", "Model2", "Model3"), class = "factor"), 
                         Strategy = c("Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", 
                                      "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", 
                                      "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", 
                                      "Relaxed", "Exact", "Exact", "Exact", "Relaxed", "Relaxed", "Relaxed"), 
                         Size = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 
                                            2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L), 
                                          levels = c("Model1", "Small", "Medium", "Large"), class = "factor"), 
                         Score = c(0.168041526339948, 0.5572494356893, 0.384942351374775, 0.327734317164868, 
                                   0.11144915339537, 0.604394054040313, 0.124633444240317, 0.279732553754002, 
                                   0.228201881283894, 0.0153298925142735, 0.128981558606029, 0.0933819285128266, 
                                   0.534035353455693, 0.807516399072483, 0.86791948764585, 0.829708693316206, 
                                   0.602100674761459, 0.70368835888803, 0.897488264366984, 0.29460092424415, 
                                   0.577609919011593, 0.630979274399579, 0.512015897547826, 0.505023914156482, 
                                   0.236885007470846, 0.560424553928897, 0.599731565685943, 0.910147710936144, 
                                   0.791147409472615, 0.755704769166186)), row.names = c(NA, -30L), 
                    class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))


# 重新排序因子
mydata$Size <- factor(mydata$Size, levels = c("Model1", "Small", "Medium", "Large"))
mydata$Metric <- factor(mydata$Metric, levels = c("Median", "Average", "Copula"))
mydata$Model <- factor(mydata$Model, levels = c("Model1", "Model2", "Model3"))
mydata$Strategy <- factor(mydata$Strategy, levels = c("Exact", "Relaxed"))


# 定义配色：为每个Size的两个Strategy设置深浅色
palette <- c(
  "Model1_Exact" = "darkgreen", "Model1_Relaxed" = "forestgreen",
  "Small_Exact" = "lightblue", "Small_Relaxed" = "skyblue",
  "Medium_Exact" = "blue", "Medium_Relaxed" = "royalblue",
  "Large_Exact" = "darkblue", "Large_Relaxed" = "navy"
)
pattern_map <- c("Median" = "none", "Average" = "circle", "Copula" = "stripe")
density_map <- c("Median" = 0, "Average" = 0.05, "Copula" = 0.05)
angle_map <- c("Median" = 0, "Average" = 45, "Copula" = 90)


# 绘制堆叠+分组的条形图
ggplot(mydata, aes(
  x = Model, 
  y = Score, 
  fill = interaction(Size, Strategy),  # 用Size+Strategy组合区分堆叠部分
  pattern = Metric, 
  pattern_density = Metric,
  group = interaction(Size, Metric)    # 确保每个Size+Metric组内堆叠Strategy
)) +
  geom_bar_pattern(
    stat = "identity", 
    # 先堆叠Strategy，再对Size+Metric组进行并列
    position = position_dodge2(position_stack(), padding = 0.15, preserve = "single"), 
    width = 1,
    color = "black",
    pattern_fill = "white", 
    pattern_spacing = 0.05,
    pattern_color = "black"  # 修改为黑色更清晰区分图案
  ) +
  # 应用自定义图案、密度、角度
  scale_pattern_manual(values = pattern_map) +
  scale_pattern_density_manual(values = density_map) +
  scale_pattern_angle_manual(values = angle_map) +
  # 应用配色
  scale_fill_manual(values = palette, name = "尺寸 & 策略") +
  labs(x = "模型", y = "", pattern = "指标") +
  theme_classic() +
  theme(
    axis.text.x = element_text(hjust = 1),
    legend.position = "right",
    legend.box = "vertical",
    panel.border = element_rect(color = "black", fill = NA, size = 0.5)
  ) +
  guides(pattern = guide_legend(override.aes = list(fill = NA)))

关键改动说明 #

1. 分组与堆叠逻辑：通过group = interaction(Size, Metric)指定分组单元，让每个Size+Metric组合内的Strategy堆叠，再通过position_dodge2(position_stack(), ...)实现分组并列。
2. 堆叠区分：将fill映射为interaction(Size, Strategy)，为每个尺寸的两种策略设置深浅配色，清晰区分堆叠部分。
3. 图案优化：补充scale_pattern_angle_manual应用预设的图案角度，并将pattern_color改为黑色，提升图案辨识度。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Adrian