CMake识别HDF5的HL组件但未关联库，编译链接报错

问题现象 #

执行make时出现链接错误：

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lhdf5_hl
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-g++' failed with exit status 1

已安装libhdf5-dev，libhdf5_hl.so存在于/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial路径，但cmake ..输出显示找到HDF5的C、CXX、HL组件，却未列出libhdf5_hl.so：

-- Found HDF5: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/libhdf5.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsz.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/libhdf5_cpp.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/libhdf5.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsz.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so (found version "1.10.4") found components: C CXX HL 

问题原因 #

查看提供的CMakeLists.txt，在HDF5处理的elseif分支中，手动执行find_library覆盖了find_package自动设置的变量，且设置的CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH未包含系统HDF5 HL库的路径，导致find_library无法定位libhdf5_hl.so，最终链接阶段报错。

解决方案 #

修改CMakeLists.txt中的HDF5配置部分，移除手动查找库的代码：

在以下代码块中：

elseif(EXISTS "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/share/cmake/hdf5-config.cmake")
    message("Looking in ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX} for local HDF5 installation")
    set(HDF5_DIR "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/share/cmake")
    find_package(HDF5 REQUIRED COMPONENTS C CXX HL PATHS ${HDF5_DIR} NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
    if(NOT DEFINED HDF5_INCLUDE_DIRS)
        set(HDF5_INCLUDE_DIRS "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include")
    endif()
    set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib64" "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PATH}/lib")
    find_library(HDF5_LIBRARIES hdf5)
    find_library(HDF5_HL_LIBRARIES hdf5_hl)

删除这三行：

set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib64" "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PATH}/lib")
find_library(HDF5_LIBRARIES hdf5)
find_library(HDF5_HL_LIBRARIES hdf5_hl)

原因是find_package(HDF5 REQUIRED COMPONENTS C CXX HL)已经会自动识别并设置HDF5_LIBRARIES、HDF5_HL_LIBRARIES等变量，无需手动查找。

修改后，重新执行：

rm -rf build/*  # 清理旧构建文件
cmake ..
make

如果仍有问题，可在执行cmake时显式指定HDF5路径：

cmake .. -DHDF5_ROOT=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者bigboy1001