Flutter旧项目编译APK报错android:attr/lStar未找到，需适配API33

处理因API版本过时被Play商店下架的旧Flutter应用，需升级至最低API级别33，编译APK时遇到:tflite:verifyReleaseResources任务报错，提示android:attr/lStar资源未找到，同时收到tflite插件废弃API警告。已尝试flutter clean、重新构建、检查依赖版本等操作，问题仍未解决，部分依赖因约束无法更新。

核心错误信息 #

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':tflite:verifyReleaseResources'.
> A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.tasks.VerifyLibraryResourcesTask$Action
   > Android resource linking failed
     ERROR:/Users/nico/Development/novo aqua/aquahelp/build/tflite/intermediates/merged_res/release/values/values.xml:194: AAPT: error: resource android:attr/lStar not found.

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

BUILD FAILED in 22s
Running Gradle task 'assembleRelease'...                           22.8s
Gradle task assembleRelease failed with exit code 1

tflite插件废弃API警告 #

Note: /Users/nico/.pub-cache/hosted/pub.dev/tflite-1.1.2/android/src/main/java/sq/flutter/tflite/TflitePlugin.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
Note: /Users/nico/.pub-cache/hosted/pub.dev/tflite-1.1.2/android/src/main/java/sq/flutter/tflite/TflitePlugin.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.

当前项目配置 #

android/app/build.gradle #

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.8.22'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.6.3'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

plugins {
    id "com.android.application"
    id "kotlin-android"
    // The Flutter Gradle Plugin must be applied after the Android and Kotlin Gradle plugins.
    id "dev.flutter.flutter-gradle-plugin"
}

def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file("local.properties")
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
    localPropertiesFile.withReader("UTF-8") { reader ->
        localProperties.load(reader)
    }
}

def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty("flutter.versionCode")
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
    flutterVersionCode = "1"
}

def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty("flutter.versionName")
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
    flutterVersionName = "1.0"
}

android {
    namespace = "com.example.aquahelp"
    compileSdk = 33
    ndkVersion = flutter.ndkVersion

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        allWarningsAsErrors false
        lintOptions {
            disable 'Deprecation'
            disable 'Unsafe'
        }
    }

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId = "com.example.aquahelp"
        minSdk = 26
        targetSdk = 33
        versionCode = flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
        versionName = flutterVersionName
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            signingConfig = signingConfigs.debug
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.4.0" // Atualize para androidx
    implementation "androidx.core:core-ktx:1.7.0" // Atualize para androidx
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.22" // Certifique-se de que a versão do Kotlin seja compatível
}

flutter {
    source = "../.."
}

tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
    options.compilerArgs << "-Xlint:deprecation" << "-Xlint:unchecked"
}

android/build.gradle #

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.8.22'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.6.3'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

pubspec.yaml #

name: aquahelp
description: A new Flutter project.
version: 1.0.0

environment:
  sdk: '>=3.2.6 <4.0.0'

dependencies: 
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  flutter_localizations:
    sdk: flutter
  intl: ^0.19.0
  percent_indicator: ^4.2.3
  image_picker: ^1.1.2
  url_launcher: ^6.3.0
  cupertino_icons: ^1.0.2
  flutter_plugin_android_lifecycle: ^2.0.21
  tflite_flutter: ^0.9.0
  tflite_flutter_helper: ^0.3.0

dev_dependencies:
  flutter_test:
    sdk: flutter
  #flutter_launcher_icons: "^0.13.1"

flutter_icons:
  android: "launcher_icon"
  ios: true
  image_path: "icons/icon.png"

flutter:
  uses-material-design: true
  assets:
    - assets/labels.txt
    - assets/labels2.txt
    - assets/model_unquant.tflite

已尝试的解决方法 #

• 执行flutter clean和flutter build apk
• 检查依赖版本并尝试更新
• 核对build.gradle配置，确保Kotlin与Gradle插件版本兼容

解决方案建议 #

1. 排除过时的tflite依赖 #

错误中出现的tflite:1.1.2是废弃包，而你已使用官方维护的tflite_flutter，需强制排除旧包：
在android/app/build.gradle的android块中添加：

android {
    // 原有配置
    configurations.all {
        exclude group: 'sq.flutter', module: 'tflite'
    }
}

2. 更新AndroidX依赖至API 33兼容版本 #

android:attr/lStar需要AndroidX Core 1.8.0+支持，修改android/app/build.gradle的依赖块：

dependencies {
    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1"
    implementation "androidx.core:core-ktx:1.10.1"
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.22"
}

3. 升级compileSdk到34（可选但推荐） #

Play商店要求最低API 33，升级compileSdk到34可提升兼容性：

android {
    compileSdk = 34
    targetSdk = 34
    // 原有配置
}

4. 彻底清理缓存并重新构建 #

执行以下命令清除旧缓存：

flutter clean
rm -rf ~/.pub-cache/hosted/pub.dev/tflite-1.1.2
flutter pub get
flutter build apk --release

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者NicoNicotina