Teams AI Library JS调用app.sendProactiveActivity发送主动消息报错求助

问题场景 #

我想基于存储的conversationReference，通过app.sendProactiveActivity给用户发送1:1主动消息，后端新增一个/notify路由作为外部系统的webhook触发发送，但调用时遇到两类错误：

错误场景1：直接调用app.sendProactiveActivity #

代码：

// Listen for notification requests
server.post("/notify", async (req, res) => {
  // Get the conversationReference for the user
  var conversationReference = await getConversationReference("userId");

  // Send the proactive message
  await app.sendProactiveActivity(conversationReference, "This is the notification");
})

报错信息：

{
    "code": "Internal",
    "message": "Error: You must configure the Application with an 'adapter' before calling Application.continueConversationAsync()"
}

错误场景2：用adapter.process包裹调用 #

代码：

// Listen for notification requests
server.post("/notify", async (req, res) => {
  // Get the conversationReference for the user
  var conversationReference = await getConversationReference("userId");

  // Send the proactive message
  await adapter.process(req, res as any, async (context) => {
    await app.sendProactiveActivity(conversationReference, "This is the notification");
  });
})

报错信息：

{
    "code": "Internal",
    "message": "Error: validateAndFixActivity(): missing activity type."
}

问题原因 #

• 第一个错误：Application实例未绑定adapter，无法发起主动会话流程。
• 第二个错误：误用adapter.process——该方法用于处理来自Bot Framework服务的入站请求（如/api/messages的消息），主动消息属于出站操作，不需要走这个流程，因此会因缺少请求内的Activity类型报错。

正确实现方案 #

推荐写法：直接用adapter.continueConversation恢复会话 #

// Listen for notification requests
server.post("/notify", async (req, res) => {
  // 获取用户的conversationReference
  const conversationReference = await getConversationReference("userId");

  try {
    // 通过adapter恢复会话上下文并发送消息
    await adapter.continueConversation(conversationReference, async (context) => {
      await context.sendActivity("This is the notification");
    });

    res.status(200).send("Notification sent successfully");
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Error sending proactive message:", error);
    res.status(500).send("Failed to send notification");
  }
})

备选写法：给Application绑定adapter后用sendProactiveActivity #

如果坚持使用app.sendProactiveActivity，需要在初始化Application时传入adapter参数：

// 初始化Application时绑定adapter
const app = new Application({
  adapter: adapter,
  // 其他必填配置：botId、appId、appPassword等
});

// 路由代码
server.post("/notify", async (req, res) => {
  const conversationReference = await getConversationReference("userId");

  try {
    await app.sendProactiveActivity(conversationReference, "This is the notification");
    res.status(200).send("Notification sent successfully");
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Error sending proactive message:", error);
    res.status(500).send("Failed to send notification");
  }
})

关键注意点 #

• 主动消息是出站操作，无需通过adapter.process处理，直接用adapter.continueConversation恢复会话上下文是更标准的做法。
• 确保存储的conversationReference结构完整且有效，包含user、conversation、channelId等必要字段。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Benjamin Talmard