PowerShell脚本问题：用哈希表替换显示器厂商缩写为全称

常见问题排查与修正方案 #

1. 哈希表匹配失败：字符格式不统一

注册表读取的厂商缩写可能带有空格、大小写不一致等问题，导致哈希表键匹配失效。需先对读取值做标准化处理：

# 读取注册表后先清理并统一为大写
$manufacturerAbbrev = $monitorRegData.Manufacturer.Trim().ToUpper()

2. 未执行替换逻辑或变量引用错误

仅定义哈希表但未将其应用到字段替换，或后续仍引用原缩写变量而非替换后的全称，是最常见的失效原因。正确的替换逻辑如下：

# 定义厂商映射哈希表
$manufacturerMap = @{
    "SAM" = "Samsung"
    "LGD" = "LG Display"
    "AUO" = "AU Optronics"
    "BOE" = "BOE Technology Group"
    "CMO" = "Chi Mei Optoelectronics"
}

# 执行替换：存在映射则用全称，否则保留原缩写
$manufacturerFullName = if ($manufacturerMap.ContainsKey($manufacturerAbbrev)) {
    $manufacturerMap[$manufacturerAbbrev]
} else {
    $manufacturerAbbrev
}

3. WMI实例赋值错误

写入WMI类时，需确保使用的是替换后的全称变量，而非原缩写：

# 错误写法：仍使用原缩写
# $wmiInstance["Manufacturer"] = $manufacturerAbbrev

# 正确写法：使用替换后的全称
$wmiInstance["Manufacturer"] = $manufacturerFullName

完整修正脚本示例 #

# 定义厂商缩写-全称映射哈希表
$manufacturerMap = @{
    "SAM" = "Samsung"
    "LGD" = "LG Display"
    "AUO" = "AU Optronics"
    "BOE" = "BOE Technology Group"
    "CMO" = "Chi Mei Optoelectronics"
    "HWP" = "HP"
}

# 检查并创建WMI自定义类
$classPath = "root\cimv2:MonitorDetails"
if (-not (Get-WmiObject -List -Class MonitorDetails -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    $newClass = New-Object System.Management.ManagementClass("root\cimv2", $null, $null)
    $newClass["__CLASS"] = "MonitorDetails"
    $newClass.Qualifiers.Add("Static", $true)
    # 添加类属性
    $newClass.Properties.Add("DeviceID", [System.Management.CimType]::String, $false)
    $newClass.Properties.Add("Manufacturer", [System.Management.CimType]::String, $false)
    $newClass.Properties.Add("Model", [System.Management.CimType]::String, $false)
    $newClass.Put() | Out-Null
}

# 从注册表读取显示器数据并写入WMI
$monitorRegPath = "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\DISPLAY\"
$monitorKeys = Get-ChildItem -Path $monitorRegPath -Recurse | Where-Object { $_.PSChildName -match "^[A-F0-9]{4}&[A-F0-9]{4}&[0-9]+&0&0&0&0&[0-9]$" }

foreach ($key in $monitorKeys) {
    $deviceID = $key.PSParentPath.Split('\')[-1]
    $monitorData = Get-ItemProperty -Path $key.PSPath
    $model = $monitorData.MonitorModelName
    # 标准化厂商缩写格式
    $manufacturerAbbrev = $monitorData.MonitorManufacturer.Trim().ToUpper()

    # 替换厂商缩写为全称
    $manufacturer = if ($manufacturerMap.ContainsKey($manufacturerAbbrev)) {
        $manufacturerMap[$manufacturerAbbrev]
    } else {
        $manufacturerAbbrev
    }

    # 更新或创建WMI实例
    $wmiInstance = Get-WmiObject -Class MonitorDetails -Filter "DeviceID='$deviceID'" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if ($wmiInstance) {
        $wmiInstance.Manufacturer = $manufacturer
        $wmiInstance.Model = $model
        $wmiInstance.Put() | Out-Null
    } else {
        $newInstance = New-Object System.Management.ManagementObject($classPath)
        $newInstance.DeviceID = $deviceID
        $newInstance.Manufacturer = $manufacturer
        $newInstance.Model = $model
        $newInstance.Put() | Out-Null
    }
}

验证方法 #

执行脚本后，通过以下命令检查WMI类数据：

Get-WmiObject -Class MonitorDetails | Select-Object DeviceID, Manufacturer, Model

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Eliran Abudi