aiogram 3.4.1机器人调用菜单触发TelegramBadRequest错误求助

问题描述 #

基于aiogram 3.4.1开发的Telegram机器人原本运行正常，搁置两个月后重新启用，调用任意菜单时触发如下错误：

aiogram.exceptions.TelegramBadRequest: Telegram server says - Bad Request: can't parse entities: Unsupported start tag "" at byte offset

同时伴随调度器错误栈：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/.../lib/python3.10/site-packages/aiogram/dispatcher/dispatcher.py", line 309, in _process_update
    response = await self.feed_update(bot, update, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/.../lib/python3.10/site-packages/aiogram/dispatcher/dispatcher.py", line 158, in feed_update
    response = await self.update.wrap_outer_middleware(
  File "/Users/.../lib/python3.10/site-packages/aiogram/dispatcher/middlewares/error.py", line 25, in __call__
    return await handler(event, data)
... and more

已尝试更换aiogram版本、修改菜单项引号类型，均未解决问题，希望排查根源避免重写代码。相关代码片段如下：

main.py代码片段 #

from aiogram import Bot, Dispatcher
from aiogram.enums import ParseMode
from aiogram.fsm.storage.memory import MemoryStorage
from aiogram.client.bot import DefaultBotProperties

async def main() -> None:
    bot = Bot(API_TOKEN, default=DefaultBotProperties(parse_mode=ParseMode.HTML))
    dp = Dispatcher(storage=MemoryStorage())
    dp.include_router(common.router)

    await bot.delete_webhook(drop_pending_updates=True)
    await dp.start_polling(bot)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

common.py代码片段 #

from aiogram import F, Router
from aiogram.filters import Command
from aiogram.fsm.context import FSMContext
from aiogram.types import Message

from handlers.keyboard import start_keyboard
from handlers import add_hand
from handlers import manage_hand
from handlers import count_hand
from handlers import service_hand

from config import admins

router = Router()

router.include_router(add_hand.router)
router.include_router(manage_hand.router)
router.include_router(count_hand.router)
router.include_router(service_hand.router)

@router.message(F.from_user.id.in_(admins), Command(commands=["start"]))
async def cmd(message: Message, state: FSMContext):
    await state.clear()
    keyboard=start_keyboard()
    await message.answer(
        text="Choose action",
        reply_markup=keyboard
    )
    
@router.message(Command(commands=["cancel"]))
@router.message(F.text.lower() == "back")
async def cmd(message: Message, state: FSMContext):
    await state.clear()
    keyboard=start_keyboard()
    await message.answer(
        text="Choose action",
        reply_markup=keyboard
    )

keyboard.py代码片段 #

from aiogram.types import ReplyKeyboardMarkup, KeyboardButton

def make_row_keyboard(items: list[str]) -> ReplyKeyboardMarkup:

    row = [KeyboardButton(text=item) for item in items]
    return ReplyKeyboardMarkup(keyboard=[row], resize_keyboard=True)

def start_keyboard():
    kb = [
            [
                KeyboardButton(text="Add"),
                KeyboardButton(text='Manage'),
                KeyboardButton(text="Count"),
                KeyboardButton(text="Service")
            ],
        ]
    keyboard = ReplyKeyboardMarkup(
        keyboard=kb,
        resize_keyboard=True,
        input_field_placeholder="Choose action"
    )
    return (keyboard)

问题根源与解决步骤 #

核心原因 #

错误本质是Telegram服务器无法解析消息中的HTML实体。你的机器人默认启用了ParseMode.HTML，搁置期间Telegram API对HTML解析的规则可能收紧，或是代码中存在未转义的HTML特殊字符/空标签（未在你贴出的代码中体现，大概率在其他路由模块）。

解决步骤 #

1. 临时关闭HTML解析验证
   修改main.py中的Bot初始化代码，将默认解析模式改为ParseMode.NONE，测试是否还报错：

   bot = Bot(API_TOKEN, default=DefaultBotProperties(parse_mode=ParseMode.NONE))
   

   若恢复正常，说明问题确实出在HTML解析的实体处理上。

2. 全面排查文本内容
   检查所有发送消息的逻辑（包括未贴出的add_hand/manage_hand等模块），重点确认：

   • 键盘按钮文本、输入框提示语、消息内容中是否存在空HTML标签（如<>）
   • 是否有未转义的HTML特殊字符（如<、>、&，需转义为<、>、&）

3. 显式指定解析模式
   若需要保留HTML解析，可在发送消息时显式指定解析模式，覆盖默认设置，逐个模块排查问题点：

   await message.answer(
       text="Choose action",
       reply_markup=keyboard,
       parse_mode=ParseMode.NONE
   )
   

4. 锁定依赖版本
   确保aiogram版本严格为3.4.1，避免自动升级带来的兼容性问题：

   pip install aiogram==3.4.1
   

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jahspear