Debian 12系统下JupyterLab安装及运行故障求助

系统信息 #

> lsb_release -d && uname -r
No LSB modules are available.
Description:    Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
6.3.0-2-amd64

> python3 --version
Python 3.11.2

> jupyter --version
Selected Jupyter core packages...
IPython          : 8.5.0
ipykernel        : 6.17.0
ipywidgets       : 6.0.0
jupyter_client   : 7.4.9
jupyter_core     : 4.12.0
jupyter_server   : 1.23.3
jupyterlab       : not installed
nbclient         : 0.7.2
nbconvert        : 6.5.3
nbformat         : 5.5.0
notebook         : 6.4.12
qtconsole        : not installed
traitlets        : 5.5.0

> ls /usr/bin/ | grep 'jupyter'
jupyter
jupyter-bundlerextension
jupyter-console
jupyter-dejavu
jupyter-execute
jupyter-kernel
jupyter-kernelspec
jupyter-migrate
jupyter-nbconvert
jupyter-nbextension
jupyter-notebook
jupyter-run
jupyter-server
jupyter-serverextension
jupyter-troubleshoot
jupyter-trust

APT源查询结果 #

Debian 12的APT源中无独立的jupyterlab包，查询结果如下：

# apt search jupyter | grep 'jupyter' | grep -v '^  '

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

jupyter/stable,stable,now 4.12.0-1 all [installed]
jupyter-client/stable,stable,now 7.4.9-2 all [installed,automatic]
jupyter-console/stable,stable,now 6.4.4-2 all [installed,automatic]
jupyter-core/stable,stable,now 4.12.0-1 all [installed,automatic]
jupyter-nbconvert/stable,stable,now 6.5.3-3 all [installed,automatic]
jupyter-nbextension-jupyter-js-widgets/stable,stable,now 6.0.0-11 all [installed,automatic]
jupyter-nbformat/stable,stable,now 5.5.0-1 all [installed,automatic]
jupyter-notebook/stable,stable,now 6.4.12-2.2 all [installed,automatic]
jupyter-qtconsole/stable,stable 5.4.0-1 all
jupyter-server/stable,stable,now 1.23.3-1 all [installed]
jupyter-sphinx-theme-common/stable,stable 0.0.6+ds1-11 all
jupyter-sphinx-theme-doc/stable,stable 0.0.6+ds1-11 all
jupyterhub/stable,stable 3.0.0+ds1-1 all
jupyterlab-desktop/now 4.2.5-1 amd64 [installed,local]
macaulay2-jupyter-kernel/stable,stable 0.6.7~beta-3 all
python-jupyter-client-doc/stable,stable 7.4.9-2 all
python-jupyter-console-doc/stable,stable 6.4.4-2 all
python-jupyter-core-doc/stable,stable 4.12.0-1 all
python3-jupyter-client/stable,stable,now 7.4.9-2 all [installed,automatic]
python3-jupyter-console/stable,stable,now 6.4.4-2 all [installed,automatic]
python3-jupyter-core/stable,stable,now 4.12.0-1 all [installed,automatic]
python3-jupyter-kernel-test/stable,stable 0.4.5-1 all
python3-jupyter-packaging/stable,stable 0.12.3-1.1 all
python3-jupyter-server/stable,stable,now 1.23.3-1 all [installed,automatic]
python3-jupyter-server-mathjax/stable,stable 0.2.3-2 all
python3-jupyter-sphinx-theme/stable,stable 0.0.6+ds1-11 all
python3-jupyter-telemetry/stable,stable 0.1.0-4 all
python3-jupyterlab-pygments/stable,stable,now 0.2.2-3 all [installed,automatic]
python3-jupyterlab-server/stable,stable,now 2.16.5-1 all [installed]
sagemath-jupyter/stable,stable 9.5-6 all

安装尝试及问题 #

• pip3 安装报错
  直接执行pip3 install jupyterlab触发外部管理环境报错，提示不能直接在系统环境安装非Debian包，需使用虚拟环境或pipx，使用sudo执行同样报错：

> pip3 install jupyterlab
error: externally-managed-environment

× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install
    python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
    install.
    
    If you wish to install a non-Debian-packaged Python package,
    create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
    Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip. Make
    sure you have python3-full installed.
    
    If you wish to install a non-Debian packaged Python application,
    it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a
    virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.
    
    See /usr/share/doc/python3.11/README.venv for more information.

note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.

• pipx 安装后无法识别命令
  执行pipx install jupyterlab安装成功，但系统无法识别jupyter-lab命令。

• GitHub桌面版无法连接本地服务器
  安装GitHub发布的JupyterLab桌面版后，程序仅显示Connect选项，点击后提示"未找到本地运行的JupyterLab服务器"。

已解决情况 #

点击桌面版启动窗口中的链接安装所需环境后，GitHub版JupyterLab桌面版已可正常运行，但无法复现具体操作步骤。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者natasha