.NET 6.0控制台应用发布需包含哪些关联DLL及部署方案咨询

问题背景 #

我在Visual Studio中开发了一个.NET 6.0控制台应用，用Batch Build编译完成后，只将可执行文件单独放在文件夹里，本地通过Windows 10任务计划程序运行正常。但公司IT要在服务器上部署运行，我导出了任务计划的XML配置文件，只共享了EXE和XML文件，结果IT反馈命令行运行时提示缺失DLL文件。

想明确：发布该应用需要包含哪些关联DLL？Release目录里大量DLL哪些需要移到部署文件夹？有没有更简便的解决办法？

以下是Release目录的文件列表：

Volume in drive C is OS
 Volume Serial Number is C292-BE2E

 Directory of C:\source\repos\SharePointListCreation\bin\Release\net6.0

09/26/2024  09:29 AM    <DIR>          .
09/26/2024  09:29 AM    <DIR>          ..
01/15/2023  05:45 PM           406,528 AngleSharp.Css.dll
05/31/2022  01:44 PM           882,176 AngleSharp.dll
07/26/2021  06:36 PM           378,744 Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.dll
11/12/2018  12:30 PM            22,904 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Abstractions.dll
11/12/2018  12:30 PM            15,224 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Server.Abstractions.dll
11/12/2018  12:29 PM            76,152 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Abstractions.dll
11/12/2018  12:29 PM            38,776 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions.dll
11/12/2018  12:28 PM            32,120 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features.dll
11/12/2018  12:37 PM            70,520 Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles.dll
10/22/2021  06:47 PM            27,264 Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Abstractions.dll
01/14/2022  02:54 PM            38,504 Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory.dll
10/22/2021  06:47 PM            25,216 Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Abstractions.dll
10/22/2021  06:48 PM            43,632 Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions.dll
09/26/2022  12:42 PM            82,560 Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.dll
11/10/2018  07:26 PM            17,976 Microsoft.Extensions.FileProviders.Abstractions.dll
11/12/2018  12:30 PM            22,904 Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Abstractions.dll
10/22/2021  06:50 PM            68,736 Microsoft.Extensions.Http.dll
10/22/2021  06:51 PM            62,064 Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions.dll
10/22/2021  06:50 PM            44,656 Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.dll
10/22/2021  06:50 PM            59,008 Microsoft.Extensions.Options.dll
10/22/2021  06:51 PM            40,048 Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives.dll
11/12/2018  12:28 PM            19,832 Microsoft.Extensions.WebEncoders.dll
03/25/2021  06:18 PM           142,224 Microsoft.Graph.Core.dll
05/20/2021  05:05 PM         8,584,592 Microsoft.Graph.dll
06/06/2024  05:09 PM         1,005,600 Microsoft.Identity.Client.dll
06/06/2024  05:14 PM            66,592 Microsoft.Identity.Client.Extensions.Msal.dll
08/21/2024  11:16 PM            20,000 Microsoft.IdentityModel.Abstractions.dll
08/21/2024  11:16 PM           155,160 Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens.dll
08/21/2024  11:16 PM            36,896 Microsoft.IdentityModel.Logging.dll
08/21/2024  11:16 PM           337,432 Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.dll
11/12/2018  12:28 PM            74,616 Microsoft.Net.Http.Headers.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           101,056 Microsoft.Office.Client.Policy.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM            41,720 Microsoft.Office.Client.TranslationServices.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           108,120 Microsoft.Office.SharePoint.Tools.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           528,520 Microsoft.Online.SharePoint.Client.Tenant.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           416,536 Microsoft.ProjectServer.Client.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM         1,493,144 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM            50,920 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.DocumentManagement.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           168,680 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.Publishing.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           200,888 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.Runtime.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM            30,408 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.Search.Applications.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           138,816 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.Search.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM            92,432 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.Taxonomy.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM           181,968 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.UserProfiles.dll
08/20/2024  02:34 PM            54,416 Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.WorkflowServices.dll
10/22/2021  06:40 PM            26,224 Microsoft.Win32.SystemEvents.dll
03/17/2021  03:03 PM           695,336 Newtonsoft.Json.dll
09/26/2024  09:29 AM                 0 output.txt
08/16/2024  06:24 AM         2,518,448 PnP.Core.dll
08/16/2024  06:41 AM        11,162,672 PnP.Framework.dll
10/29/2020  06:07 AM           259,072 Portable.Xaml.dll
09/24/2024  11:26 AM    <DIR>          runtimes
09/25/2024  08:14 PM            96,506 SharePointListCreation.deps.json
09/25/2024  08:14 PM            81,920 SharePointListCreation.dll
09/25/2024  08:14 PM           151,040 SharePointListCreation.exe
09/25/2024  08:14 PM            35,328 SharePointListCreation.pdb
09/25/2024  08:14 PM               253 SharePointListCreation.runtimeconfig.json
08/19/2022  02:58 PM           396,424 System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.dll
02/15/2023  07:32 PM           145,072 System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource.dll
10/22/2021  06:51 PM           130,664 System.DirectoryServices.dll
10/22/2021  06:49 PM           175,216 System.Drawing.Common.dll
08/21/2024  11:16 PM            90,168 System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.dll
10/22/2021  06:49 PM           122,480 System.IO.Packaging.dll
10/22/2021  06:51 PM            20,592 System.Security.Cryptography.ProtectedData.dll
10/22/2021  06:49 PM           104,048 System.Security.Permissions.dll
10/23/2022  12:54 PM           457,856 System.Text.Json.dll
10/22/2021  06:49 PM            25,712 System.Windows.Extensions.dll
02/12/2023  03:28 PM            33,792 TimeZoneConverter.dll
              67 File(s)     33,235,103 bytes
               3 Dir(s)  702,420,926,464 bytes free

解决办法 #

1. 直接复制Release目录核心文件（快速但易遗漏） #

• 必须包含的基础文件：SharePointListCreation.exe、SharePointListCreation.dll、SharePointListCreation.deps.json、SharePointListCreation.runtimeconfig.json
• 所有第三方依赖DLL：从列表看，包括AngleSharp*.dll、Microsoft.Graph*.dll、PnP*.dll、Newtonsoft.Json.dll、TimeZoneConverter.dll，以及所有SharePoint相关的Microsoft.SharePoint.Client*.dll、身份验证相关的Microsoft.Identity*.dll
• 必须带上runtimes目录：里面是特定平台的原生依赖，服务器运行可能需要
• 可选排除：SharePointListCreation.pdb是调试符号文件，不需要调试可以不用复制；output.txt是本地生成的日志文件，无需携带

2. 使用Visual Studio发布功能（推荐，最可靠） #

这是官方推荐的部署方式，自动处理所有依赖：

• 右键项目 → 选择「发布」
• 目标选择「文件夹」，点击下一步
• 发布模式选择「框架依赖」或「独立部署」：
  • 框架依赖：服务器需预先安装.NET 6.0 Runtime，发布包体积小，仅包含你的代码和第三方依赖
  • 独立部署：无需服务器安装.NET Runtime，发布包包含完整的.NET运行时，体积大但无需依赖环境
• 点击「发布」后，生成的文件夹里就是所有需要部署的文件，直接复制到服务器即可

3. 手动排查缺失DLL（适合简单项目） #

如果不想复制所有文件，可让IT运行程序时记录缺失的DLL名称，再从Release目录对应复制：

• 比如提示缺失Microsoft.Graph.dll，就复制该DLL及其依赖的Microsoft.Graph.Core.dll
• 注意：这种方式容易遗漏深层依赖，复杂项目不建议使用

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者xarzu