如何实现Flutter应用的安装追踪及来源上报功能？

核心逻辑 #

通过带归因参数的深度链接标记分享来源，结合应用商店的分发渠道检测，在用户首次启动应用时上报数据。

分步实现 #

1. 生成带参数的分享链接 #

用户在WhatsApp分享时，生成包含来源标识的深度链接，比如：
yourapp://track?source=whatsapp
（渠道信息无需提前硬编码，可在用户安装后通过系统API获取）

2. 捕获深度链接参数并存储 #

Android端

• 先在AndroidManifest.xml中配置Intent Filter，让应用能捕获自定义链接：

  <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
      <intent-filter>
          <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
          <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
          <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
          <data android:scheme="yourapp" android:host="track" />
      </intent-filter>
  </activity>
  

• 应用启动时解析链接参数，存入SharedPreferences：

  override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
      intent.data?.let { uri ->
          val source = uri.getQueryParameter("source")
          source?.let {
              getSharedPreferences("install_track", MODE_PRIVATE)
                  .edit()
                  .putString("install_source", it)
                  .apply()
          }
      }
      // 同时调用Install Referrer API获取商店渠道
      getStoreChannel()
  }
  
  private fun getStoreChannel() {
      val referrerClient = InstallReferrerClient.newInstance(this)
      referrerClient.startConnection(object : InstallReferrerStateListener {
          override fun onInstallReferrerSetupFinished(responseCode: Int) {
              if (responseCode == InstallReferrerClient.InstallReferrerResponse.OK) {
                  val referrer = referrerClient.installReferrer.installReferrer
                  val channel = if (referrer.contains("googleplay")) "Google Play" else "未知渠道"
                  getSharedPreferences("install_track", MODE_PRIVATE)
                      .edit()
                      .putString("store_channel", channel)
                      .apply()
                  // 触发上报
                  reportToAPI()
              }
              referrerClient.endConnection()
          }
          override fun onInstallReferrerServiceDisconnected() {
              // 重试逻辑或标记渠道为未知后上报
              reportToAPI()
          }
      })
  }
  

iOS端

• 在Info.plist配置Custom URL Scheme（或用Universal Links提升稳定性）：

  <key>CFBundleURLTypes</key>
  <array>
      <dict>
          <key>CFBundleURLSchemes</key>
          <array>
              <string>yourapp</string>
          </array>
      </dict>
  </array>
  

• 处理链接跳转并存储参数：

  func application(_ app: UIApplication, open url: URL, options: [UIApplication.OpenURLOptionsKey : Any] = [:]) -> Bool {
      guard let components = URLComponents(url: url, resolvingAgainstBaseURL: true),
            let source = components.queryItems?.first(where: { $0.name == "source" })?.value else {
          return false
      }
      UserDefaults.standard.set(source, forKey: "install_source")
      // 获取渠道并触发上报
      getStoreChannelAndReport()
      return true
  }
  
  private func getStoreChannelAndReport() {
      var channel = "未知渠道"
      if let receiptURL = Bundle.main.appStoreReceiptURL, receiptURL.lastPathComponent == "sandboxReceipt" {
          channel = "App Store（沙盒）"
      } else if Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier == "com.apple.testflight" {
          channel = "TestFlight"
      } else {
          channel = "App Store"
      }
      UserDefaults.standard.set(channel, forKey: "store_channel")
      reportToAPI()
  }
  

3. 上报数据到API #

首次启动时读取存储的参数，发起请求到你的服务器：

// Android上报示例
private fun reportToAPI() {
    val sp = getSharedPreferences("install_track", MODE_PRIVATE)
    val source = sp.getString("install_source", "unknown")
    val channel = sp.getString("store_channel", "unknown")

    val requestBody = JSONObject().apply {
        put("install_source", source)
        put("store_channel", channel)
    }

    // 用OkHttp发起POST请求示例
    val client = OkHttpClient()
    val mediaType = MediaType.parse("application/json")
    val body = RequestBody.create(mediaType, requestBody.toString())
    val request = Request.Builder()
        .url("你的API接口地址")
        .post(body)
        .build()
    client.newCall(request).enqueue(object : Callback {
        override fun onFailure(call: Call, e: IOException) { /* 失败重试逻辑 */ }
        override fun onResponse(call: Call, response: Response) { /* 处理响应结果 */ }
    })
}

注意事项 #

• WhatsApp可能对长链接转码，建议用内部短链接服务压缩，避免参数丢失
• 若用户直接从商店搜索安装，install_source会显示为unknown，正常上报即可
• Android需添加Install Referrer API依赖：implementation 'com.android.installreferrer:installreferrer:2.2'

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mahmoud Azab