Docker Compose下Elasticsearch与OpenSearch启动失败求助

核心问题 #

你的Elasticsearch容器启动失败，主要原因是启动命令的语法错误，导致初始化脚本无法正确执行，同时端口配置和集群参数的细节也需要调整。

具体修复步骤 #

1. 修正启动脚本的引号冲突 #

原启动命令中，curl的-d参数后引号处理错误，JSON内容被截断，引发执行失败。改用Here Document（<<EOF）传递JSON数据，彻底避免引号冲突。

2. 调整Elasticsearch副本数 #

单节点Elasticsearch集群中，number_of_replicas设为0（原配置为1），否则集群会因副本无法分配一直处于yellow状态，影响后续操作。

3. 打通Logstash与Elasticsearch的网络 #

如果后续需要用Logstash迁移数据，需将Logstash加入elastic网络，否则两个独立网络无法互通。

4. 简化冗余配置 #

移除不必要的expose配置（端口映射已包含暴露逻辑），同时确保transport端口与映射一致。

修正后的完整docker-compose.yml #

services:
  elasticsearch:
    image: elasticsearch:7.10.1
    container_name: elasticsearch
    environment:
      - discovery.type=single-node
      - http.host=0.0.0.0
      - http.port=9201
      - transport.port=9300
      - ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m
      - xpack.security.enabled=false
    ports:
      - "9201:9201"
      - "9300:9300"
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "curl --silent --fail localhost:9201/_cluster/health || exit 1"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
    networks:
      - elastic
    command: >
      bash -c '
        until curl -sS "http://localhost:9201/_cat/health?h=status" | grep -q "green\|yellow"; do
          sleep 2
        done
        curl -X PUT "http://localhost:9201/products" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d <<EOF
        {
          "settings": {
            "number_of_shards": 1,
            "number_of_replicas": 0,
            "analysis": {
              "analyzer": "standard"
            }
          },
          "mappings": {
            "properties": {
              "title": {
                "type": "text",
                "analyzer": "standard"
              },
              "author": {
                "type": "text",
                "analyzer": "standard"
              },
              "description": {
                "type": "text",
                "analyzer": "standard"
              },
              "published_date": {
                "type": "date"
              },
              "purchase_url": {
                "type": "keyword"
              }
            }
          }
        }
        EOF
      '
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 2GB
  opensearch-node1A:
    image: opensearchproject/opensearch:1.2.3
    container_name: opensearch-node1A
    environment:
      - cluster.name=opensearch-cluster
      - node.name=opensearch-node1A
      - discovery.seed_hosts=opensearch-node1A,opensearch-node2A
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=opensearch-node1A,opensearch-node2A
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "OPENSEARCH_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
      nofile:
        soft: 65536
        hard: 65536
    volumes:
      - opensearch-data1:/usr/share/opensearch/data
    ports:
      - 9200:9200
      - 9600:9600
    networks:
      - opensearch-net
  opensearch-node2A:
    image: opensearchproject/opensearch:1.2.3
    container_name: opensearch-node2A
    environment:
      - cluster.name=opensearch-cluster
      - node.name=opensearch-node2A
      - discovery.seed_hosts=opensearch-node1A,opensearch-node2A
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=opensearch-node1A,opensearch-node2A
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "OPENSEARCH_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
      nofile:
        soft: 65536
        hard: 65536
    volumes:
      - opensearch-data2:/usr/share/opensearch/data
    networks:
      - opensearch-net
  opensearch-dashboardsA:
    image: opensearchproject/opensearch-dashboards:1.1.0
    container_name: opensearch-dashboardsA
    ports:
      - 5601:5601
    environment:
      OPENSEARCH_HOSTS: '["https://opensearch-node1A:9200","https://opensearch-node2A:9200"]'
    networks:
      - opensearch-net
  logstash-with-plugin:
    image: opensearchproject/logstash-oss-with-opensearch-output-plugin:7.16.2
    container_name: logstash-with-plugin
    networks:
      - opensearch-net
      - elastic

volumes:
  opensearch-data1:
  opensearch-data2:

networks:
  opensearch-net:
    driver: bridge
  elastic:
    driver: bridge

启动前准备 #

执行命令清理旧容器和卷，避免残留数据干扰：

docker-compose down -v

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者cybertextron