MacOS运行Cairo相关Python测试时Pytest报Crypto模块缺失错误

数据老陈

2026-6-17

解决Pytest运行时提示ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Crypto'的问题

报错信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen runpy>", line 198, in _run_module_as_main
  ...
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pytest/__main__.py", line 9, in <module>
    raise SystemExit(pytest.console_main())
 ...
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1387, in _gcd_import
  ...
    from Crypto import (
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Crypto'

解决步骤：

卸载冲突加密模块，安装正确包
先清理可能存在的同名或冲突包：
```
pip3 uninstall crypto pycryptodome pycryptodomex -y
```
再安装维护中的官方加密模块：
```
pip3 install pycryptodome
```
确保Python与pip环境一致
检查当前python3和pip3的路径是否匹配：
```
which python3
which pip3
```
如果路径不一致，直接用Python内置的pip安装，避免环境混乱：
```
python3 -m pip install pycryptodome
```
修复受损的Pytest环境
若安装加密模块时破坏了Pytest的依赖，重新安装Pytest：
```
pip3 uninstall pytest -y && pip3 install pytest
```