Debug模式下C++调用PyRun_SimpleString导入PIL失败的原因及解决

环境配置 #

• Windows 11 x64
• Visual Studio 2022
• Python 3.11.3（已安装调试符号，项目Debug配置指定链接python311_d.lib）
• Pillow 10.4.0
• easyocr 1.7.2

核心代码 #

C++中调用Python的关键代码片段：

Py_Initialize();
PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
PyRun_SimpleString("import easyocr");
//Other codes

问题现象 #

• Release模式下程序运行完全正常
• 切换到Debug模式时，触发运行时错误，报错信息如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\easyocr\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .easyocr import Reader
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\easyocr\easyocr.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .recognition import get_recognizer, get_text
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\easyocr\recognition.py", line 1, in <module>
    from PIL import Image
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 100, in <module>
    from . import _imaging as core
ImportError: cannot import name '_imaging' from 'PIL' (C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\PIL\__init__.py)

• 尝试将PyRun_SimpleString("import easyocr");替换为PyRun_SimpleString("from PIL import Image");，仍报相同错误
• 额外测试：使用调试版python_d.exe执行导入语句，同样触发相同错误：

PS C:\Users\15819> python_d
Python 3.11.3 (tags/v3.11.3:f3909b8, Apr  4 2023, 23:34:25) [MSC v.1934 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\pyreadline3\lineeditor\history.py:87: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='C:\\Users\\15819\\.python_history' mode='r' encoding='utf-8'>
  for line in open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8'):
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
>>> import sys
>>> import easyocr
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\easyocr\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .easyocr import Reader
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\easyocr\easyocr.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .recognition import get_recognizer, get_text
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\easyocr\recognition.py", line 1, in <module>
    from PIL import Image
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 100, in <module>
    from . import _imaging as core
ImportError: cannot import name '_imaging' from 'PIL' (C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\PIL\__init__.py)
>>> from PIL import Image
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 100, in <module>
    from . import _imaging as core
ImportError: cannot import name '_imaging' from 'PIL' (C:\Python311\Lib\site-packages\PIL\__init__.py)

咨询内容 #

1. 该错误产生的原因是什么？
2. 如何在Visual Studio中调试该程序？

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Object Unknown