使用Twilio WhatsApp API发送可滑动轮播消息异常问题排查

问题描述 #

尝试使用Twilio发送交互式WhatsApp轮播消息时，未收到预期的可滑动轮播内容，反而收到两条独立消息：一条包含图片，另一条包含文本。预期效果为可向右滑动并带交互按钮的商品轮播，实际却呈现分离的消息形态。

原代码示例 #

@app.route('/send_carousel', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def send_carousel():
    """
    Sends an interactive carousel message to the specified WhatsApp number.
    """
    try:
        interactive_message = {
            "type": "interactive",
            "interactive": {
                "type": "list",
                "header": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "text": "Featured Products"
                },
                "body": {
                    "text": "Choose a product to learn more."
                },
                "footer": {
                    "text": "Thank you for shopping with us!"
                },
                "action": {
                    "button": "View Details",
                    "sections": [
                        {
                            "title": "Products",
                            "rows": [
                                {
                                    "id": "product1",
                                    "title": "Profile Picture",
                                    "description": "Check out my profile picture."
                                },
                                {
                                    "id": "product2",
                                    "title": "Second Item",
                                    "description": "Explore more awesome products."
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            }
        }

        message = client.messages.create(
            from_=from_whatsapp_number,
            to=to_whatsapp_number,
            interactive=interactive_message["interactive"]
        )

        logging.info(f"Sent Message SID: {message.sid}")

        return jsonify({
            "message": "Carousel sent successfully",
            "message_sid": message.sid
        }), 200

    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception("Exception during message sending")
        return jsonify({
            "error": "An exception occurred while sending message",
            "details": str(e)
        }), 500

问题根源 #

你当前代码使用的是list类型的交互式消息，这是下拉列表样式，并非WhatsApp的商品轮播（Carousel）类型。要实现可滑动的商品轮播，必须使用product类型的交互式消息，且需关联已在Twilio控制台配置好的WhatsApp Business Catalog。

修复步骤 #

1. 配置商品目录：先在Twilio控制台的WhatsApp业务账号中上传商品目录，获取每个商品的product_retailer_id（商品在目录中的唯一ID）以及目录的catalog_id。
2. 修改Payload结构：将交互式消息的type改为product，并在action中指定关联的目录ID和商品ID列表。

修正后的代码示例 #

@app.route('/send_carousel', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def send_carousel():
    """
    Sends a WhatsApp product carousel message.
    """
    try:
        # 商品轮播的交互式消息结构
        interactive_message = {
            "type": "interactive",
            "interactive": {
                "type": "product",
                "body": {
                    "text": "Check out our featured products!"
                },
                "footer": {
                    "text": "Tap to view details"
                },
                "action": {
                    "catalog_id": "YOUR_CATALOG_ID",  # 替换为你的目录ID
                    "product_retailer_ids": [
                        "PRODUCT_ID_1",  # 替换为目录中的商品ID
                        "PRODUCT_ID_2"
                    ]
                }
            }
        }

        message = client.messages.create(
            from_=from_whatsapp_number,
            to=to_whatsapp_number,
            interactive=interactive_message["interactive"]
        )

        logging.info(f"Sent Message SID: {message.sid}")

        return jsonify({
            "message": "Product carousel sent successfully",
            "message_sid": message.sid
        }), 200

    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception("Exception during message sending")
        return jsonify({
            "error": "An exception occurred while sending message",
            "details": str(e)
        }), 500

关键注意事项 #

• 目录与商品ID验证：catalog_id和product_retailer_ids必须与Twilio控制台中配置的完全一致，不能使用自定义的未存在ID。
• 账号权限：确保你的Twilio账号已开通WhatsApp Business功能，且商品目录已通过审核。
• 设备兼容性：部分旧版本WhatsApp客户端可能不支持商品轮播功能，建议使用最新版本测试。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Harsh Jadhav