Express+TypeScript报错：No overload matches this call及res.status调用问题

问题情况 #

搭建集成TypeScript的Node.js应用时，给Express接口的req和res参数手动添加Request、Response类型后出现两个报错，按教程步骤操作未解决，怀疑是Node或TypeScript版本更新导致类型不兼容。

报错信息 #

报错1 #

No overload matches this call.
  The last overload gave the following error.
    Argument of type '(req: Request, res: Response) => Promise<void>' is not assignable to parameter of type 'Application<Record<string, any>>'.
      Type '(req: Request, res: Response) => Promise<void>' is missing the following properties from type 'Application<Record<string, any>>': init, defaultConfiguration, engine, set, and 63 more.ts(2769)
index.d.ts(164, 5): The last overload is declared here.

报错2 #

This expression is not callable.
  Type 'Number' has no call signatures.

相关代码 #

import express from "express";
import NotesModel from "./models/notes";
export const app = express();

app.get("/", async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
  const notes = await NotesModel.find();
  res.status(200).json(notes);
});

依赖版本 #

"devDependencies": {
  "@eslint/js": "^9.12.0",
  "@eslint/migrate-config": "^1.3.1",
  "@types/express": "^5.0.0",
  "eslint": "^9.12.0",
  "globals": "^15.10.0",
  "nodemon": "^3.1.7",
  "ts-node": "^10.9.2",
  "typescript": "^5.6.2",
  "typescript-eslint": "^8.8.1"
},

解决方法 #

1. 正确导入Express的类型定义 #

代码中未明确导入Express提供的Request和Response类型，导致TypeScript默认使用了DOM API中的同名类型，和Express的类型不匹配。修改导入语句：

import express, { Request, Response } from "express";
import NotesModel from "./models/notes";
export const app = express();

app.get("/", async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
  const notes = await NotesModel.find();
  res.status(200).json(notes);
});

2. 修复@types/express版本兼容性 #

当前使用的@types/express@5.0.0是为Express 5.x（Beta版）准备的类型定义，若项目中安装的是Express 4.x稳定版，会出现类型不兼容问题。

• 方案一：降级@types/express到适配Express 4.x的版本
  执行安装命令：

npm install @types/express@^4.17.21 --save-dev

• 方案二（不推荐生产环境）：升级Express到5.x Beta版
  执行安装命令：

npm install express@beta --save

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Aldrin Torion